LOCATED MAINLY IN Asia, but with a small part of its land considered to be in Europe, the Republic of Turkey has a land area of 302,535 sq. mi. (779,452 sq. Ion.), with a population of 74,877,000 (2006 est.) and a population density of 240 people per sq. mi. (93 people per sq. Ion.). Istanbul, the former capital and the largest city, has a population density of 13,256 people per sq. mi. (5,137 per sq. Ion.). The present capital, Ankara, has a population of 3,641,900, with a population density of 13,328 per sq. mi. (1,424 per sq. km.). Some 32 percent of the land area of Turkey is arable, with 4 percent under permanent cultivation, and an additional 16 percent is used as meadows or ...