Anti-Americanism is a set of opinions, attitudes, and behaviors expressing criticism or hostility toward the United States. It refers to American culture, values, society, economy, and politics and is expressed in various ways—from mild distrust to actual terrorist attacks. Anti-Americanism emerged at the outset of European settlement in America and has been present ever since, evolving from cultural criticism through the phase of fear of American economic and political hegemony to the global era, in which the previous objections coexist with those resulting from international value conflicts. Moreover, since globalization is often identified with Americanization, anti-American sentiment has gained strength and visibility with the rise of the antiglobalization movement. Therefore, it is an important and influential phenomenon in the contemporary world.

Anti-Americanism as a coherent collection ...