Ethnography is the art and science of describing a group or culture from the emic or insider's perspective. The ethnographer writes about the routine, daily lives of people. The patterns are a form of reliability. The ethnographer enters the field with an open mind, not an empty head. Before asking the first question in the field, the ethnographer begins with a problem, a theory or model, a research design, specific data collection techniques (such as fieldwork, participant observation, informal interviewing, and surveying), tools for analysis (including computer programs), and a specific writing style. The final product is an ethnography or an ethnographically informed report or video.