Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) is a communicable, chronic, degenerative, and fatal disease that predominantly affects the central nervous system of cattle. Affected animals' brain tissue becomes increasingly damaged by lesions of sponge-like holes that commonly cause animals to exhibit behavioral symptoms such as dementia, aggression, lack of balance, and excessive salivation. As a result, BSE has become more popularly known as “mad cow disease.” During the early 1990s, a “mad cow” epidemic emerged in the United Kingdom (UK) and then spread throughout Europe, decimating beef industries in affected nations and terrifying populaces. While it is believed that the disease has presently leveled off considerably due to stricter [Page 163]livestock testing and policy changes designed to limit BSE's contagious viability, new cases of BSE continue to ...