SAGE Reference - Encyclopedia of Social Media and Politics

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Instant Messengers, IRC, and ICQ

In: Encyclopedia of Social Media and Politics
Edited by: Kerric Harvey
Subject:Political Communications, Political Communication, Social Media
Keywords:clients; internet; networking; popularity; Russia; social media; virtues

Instant Messengers (IM), Internet Relay Chat (IRC), and ICQ are all protocols or software clients enabling online chat. As predecessors to social media platforms, these forms of Internet communication enable users to engage in realtime, text-based discussions. IRC is the ...

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  Harvey, K. (2014). Instant messengers, irc, and icq. In Encyclopedia of social media and politics (pp. 697-697). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452244723.n283
  
  Harvey, Kerric. "Instant Messengers, IRC, and ICQ." In Encyclopedia of Social Media and Politics, edited by Harvey, Kerric, 697-697. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452244723.n283.
  
  Harvey, K. 2014. Instant Messengers, IRC, and ICQ. In: Kerric Harvey Editor, 2014. Encyclopedia of Social Media and Politics, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 697 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452244723.n283> [Accessed 28 May 2022].
  
  Harvey, Kerric. "Instant Messengers, IRC, and ICQ." Encyclopedia of Social Media and Politics. Edited by Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2014, pp. 697-697. SAGE Knowledge. 28 May 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452244723.n283.
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