India

In 1947, Pakistan and India as independent nations came into existence. After independence, India followed a sort of state socialism. From the 1990s, the globalization policy of the Narasimha Rao government and successor regimes has not been able to totally convert the state-directed mixed economy into a full-fledged market economy. India’s population (1.2 billion) is next only to China’s. India is industrializing rapidly; still, 70% of the population remains employed in the agricultural sector. In 2012, the projected growth rate was 7%. This entry describes the foreign policy of India and discusses India’s military forces, alliances, and territorial disputes and wars with Pakistan.