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Maritain, Jacques
The prominent French neo-Thomist Jacques Maritain (1882–1973) articulated a holistic philosophy of education that must be understood in light of his adult conversion to Roman Catholicism and his determined attempt to revive a rationally compelling Christian philosophy through a systematic application of the ideas of the medieval philosopher Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274). Maritain argues for a spiritually sensitive humanism that views education as an aid to individual human flourishing.
Life
Raised as a Protestant, Maritain began his university career as a science student at the Sorbonne. In 1901, driven to despair by their sense of the moral and spiritual poverty of materialistic science, he and his future wife, Raïssa Oumançoff, made a pact that they would commit suicide within a year if they could not find some higher ...
- Aims of Education
- Bildung
- Adler, Mortimer, and the Paideia Program
- Aesthetic Education
- Aims, Concept of
- Arnold, Matthew
- Autonomy
- Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education
- Character Development
- Citizenship and Civic Education
- Cosmopolitanism
- Creative and Lateral Thinking: Edward de Bono
- Creativity
- Critical Thinking
- Cultural Literacy and Core Knowledge/Skills
- Dewey, John
- Goodman, Paul
- Happiness
- Lifelong Education
- Literacy and the New Literacy Studies
- Makiguchi, Tsunesaburo
- Mill, John Stuart
- Montaigne, Michel de
- Moral Education
- Multiculturalism
- Newman, John Henry (Cardinal)
- Noddings, Nel
- Paideia
- Patriotism
- Peace Education
- Peters, R. S.
- Phronesis (Practical Reason)
- Plato
- Rationality and Its Cultivation
- Religious Education and Spirituality
- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
- Scheffler, Israel
- Utopias
- Vocational Education
- Whitehead, Alfred N.
- Classic Premodern Philosophers, Theories, and Theorists
- Curriculum
- Accountability and Standards-Based Reform
- Adler, Mortimer, and the Paideia Program
- Apple, Michael
- Bruner, Jerome
- Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education
- Common Curriculum
- Creative and Lateral Thinking: Edward de Bono
- Critical Thinking
- Curriculum, Construction and Evaluation of
- Dalton Plan
- Dewey, John
- Disciplinarity
- Erasmus
- Experiential Learning
- Hidden Curriculum
- Homeschooling
- Knowledge, Structure of: From Aristotle to Bruner and Hirst
- Laboratory School, University of Chicago
- Lifelong Education
- Literacy and the New Literacy Studies
- Little Commonwealth: Homer Lane
- Montessori Education
- Neill, A. S., and Summerhill
- Plato
- Schwab, Joseph: The Practical
- Service-Learning
- Spencer, Herbert
- Technology and Education
- Values Clarification
- Values Education
- Waldorf Education: Rudolf Steiner
- Educational Research, Evaluation, and Testing
- Abilities, Measurement of
- Aptitude–Treatment Interactions: Evolution of Research
- Behavioral Objectives and Operational Definitions
- Behaviorism
- Bell Curve
- Case Studies
- Causation
- Coleman Report
- Connoisseurship and Educational Criticism
- Curriculum, Construction and Evaluation of
- Design Experiments
- Educational Research, Critiques of
- Educational Science
- Essentialism, Perennialism, and the “Isms” Approach
- Evaluation of Educational and Social Programs: Models
- Evidence-Based Policy and Practice
- Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research: Campbell and Stanley
- Hermeneutics
- High-Stakes Testing
- International Student Assessment (PISA)
- Kuhn, Thomas S.
- Lakatos, Imre
- Narrative Research
- Philosophical Issues in Educational Research: An Overview
- Popper, Karl
- Positivism
- Postpositivism
- Probability and Significance Testing
- Pure and Applied Research and Pasteur’s Quadrant
- Qualitative Versus Quantitative Methods and Beyond
- Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
- Theories of Action
- Validity, Types of
- Value-Free Ideal for Research: Controversies
- Equity, Rights, Social Stratification, and Citizenship
- Accountability and Standards-Based Reform
- Achievement Gap
- Addams, Jane
- Affirmative Action
- Assimilation
- Children’s Rights
- Citizenship and Civic Education
- Communitarianism
- Critical Theory
- Democratic Theory of Education
- Diversity
- Dropouts
- Equality of Educational Opportunity
- Feminist Ethics
- Freire, Paulo: Pedagogy of the Oppressed and Critical Pedagogy
- Martin, Jane Roland
- Mill, John Stuart
- Multiculturalism
- Plato
- Rawls, John
- Right to an Education
- Rights: Children, Parents, and Community
- Higher Education
- Learners, Learning, and Teaching
- Achievement Gap
- Achievement Motivation
- Advance Organizers
- Bacon, Francis
- Behavioral Objectives and Operational Definitions
- Behaviorism
- Bilingual Education
- Cognitive Load Theory and Learning
- Cognitive Revolution and Information Processing Perspectives
- Coleman Report
- Communities of Learners
- Conceptual Change
- Critical Thinking
- Cultural Literacy and Core Knowledge/Skills
- Dewey, John
- Dialogue
- Discovery Learning: Pros and Cons
- Epistemologies, Teacher and Student
- Ethics in Research
- Ethics in Teaching
- Froebel, Friedrich
- Indoctrination
- Intelligent Tutoring Systems
- James, William
- Learning, Theories of
- Literacy and the New Literacy Studies
- Makiguchi, Tsunesaburo
- Montaigne, Michel de
- Montessori Education
- Motivation
- Multiple Intelligences: Howard Gardner
- Neill, A. S., and Summerhill
- Neurosciences and Learning
- Pedagogical Content Knowledge: Lee Shulman
- Pestalozzi, Johann H.
- Phenomenological Pedagogy
- Phenomenology
- Piaget, Jean
- Positive Psychology and Education
- Problem-Based Learning
- Radical Constructivism: Ernst von Glasersfeld
- Reflective Practice: Donald Schön
- Self-Regulated Learning
- Service-Learning
- Socrates and Socratic Dialogue
- Stereotype Effects and Attributions: Inside and Out
- Teaching Machines: From Thorndike, Pressey, and Skinner to CAI
- Teaching, Concept and Models of
- Technology and Education
- Transfer of Learning
- Vygotsky, Lev
- Liberal Education
- Moral, Religious, Spiritual, and Social/Cultural Values
- Apple, Michael
- Aquinas and Thomism
- Aristotle
- Augustine
- Autonomy
- Buber, Martin
- Capability Approach: Martha Nussbaum and Amartya Sen
- Cavell, Stanley
- Character Development
- Gandhi, Mahatma
- Indian Religious and Philosophical Traditions and Education
- Jewish Educational Philosophy
- Makiguchi, Tsunesaburo
- Maritain, Jacques
- Moral Development: Lawrence Kohlberg and Carol Gilligan
- Moral Education
- Murdoch, Iris
- Muslim Educational Traditions
- Noddings, Nel
- Religious Education and Spirituality
- Religious Symbols and Clothing
- Values Clarification
- Values Education
- Virtue Ethics
- Waldorf Education: Rudolf Steiner
- Multiculturalism and Special Populations
- Assimilation
- At-Risk Children
- Bilingual Education
- Colonialism and Postcolonial Theory
- Critical Race Theory
- Diversity
- Du Bois, W. E. B.
- Epistemology, Multicultural
- Ethnicity and Race
- Experiential Learning
- Gender and Education
- Identity and Identity Politics
- Ideology
- Immigrants, Education of
- Legal Decisions Affecting Education
- Linguistic Diversity
- Multicultural Citizenship
- Multiculturalism
- Racism and Multicultural Antiracist Education
- Religious Symbols and Clothing
- Right to an Education
- Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
- Organization of Schooling
- Deschooling Society: Ivan Illich
- Charter Schools
- Dalton Plan
- Homeschooling
- Laboratory School, University of Chicago
- Little Commonwealth: Homer Lane
- Montessori Education
- Neill, A. S., and Summerhill
- Open Schools
- Privatization
- Productive Labor and Occupations: From Dewey to Makarenko
- Progressive Education and Its Critics
- Project Method
- School Choice
- Schooling in the United States: Historical Analyses
- Utopias
- Waldorf Education: Rudolf Steiner
- Philosophy of Education: The Analytic Tradition
- Aims, Concept of
- Continental/Analytic Divide in Philosophy of Education
- Education, Concept of
- Education, Transcendental Justification of
- Educational Theory, Nature of
- Indoctrination
- Knowledge, Analysis of
- Knowledge, Structure of: From Aristotle to Bruner and Hirst
- Noddings, Nel
- Peters, R. S.
- Rationality and Its Cultivation
- Russell, Bertrand
- Scheffler, Israel
- Virtue Ethics
- Wittgenstein, Ludwig
- Philosophy of Education: The Continental Traditions
- Bildung
- Buber, Martin
- Castoriadis, Cornelius
- Continental/Analytic Divide in Philosophy of Education
- Critical Theory
- Deconstruction
- Educational Science
- Educational Theory, Nature of
- Embodiment
- Foucault, Michel
- Greene, Maxine
- Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich
- Heidegger, Martin
- Herbart, Johann F.
- Hermeneutics
- Kant, Immanuel
- Lyotard, Jean-François
- Maritain, Jacques
- Nietzsche, Friedrich
- Pestalozzi, Johann H.
- Phenomenological Pedagogy
- Phenomenology
- Postmodernism
- Sartre, Jean-Paul
- Schleiermacher, Friedrich
- Philosophy of Education: Feminist Perspectives
- Addams, Jane
- Arendt, Hannah
- Beauvoir, Simone de
- Feminist Epistemology
- Feminist Ethics
- Feminist Standpoint Theory
- Gender and Education
- Greene, Maxine
- Martin, Jane Roland
- Moral Development: Lawrence Kohlberg and Carol Gilligan
- Murdoch, Iris
- Noddings, Nel
- Stereotype Effects and Attributions: Inside and Out
- Wollstonecraft, Mary
- Young, Iris Marion
- Philosophy of Education: Nonwestern Traditions
- Philosophy of Education: The Political Theory Tradition
- Autonomy
- Capability Approach: Martha Nussbaum and Amartya Sen
- Cavell, Stanley
- Children’s Rights
- Citizenship and Civic Education
- Communitarianism
- Deliberative Democracy
- Democratic Theory of Education
- Equality of Educational Opportunity
- Ideology
- Legal Decisions Affecting Education
- Liberalism
- MacIntyre, Alasdair
- Marx, Karl
- Mill, John Stuart
- Multicultural Citizenship
- Neoliberalism
- Oakeshott, Michael
- Rawls, John
- Right to an Education
- Rights: Children, Parents, and Community
- Toleration
- Utilitarianism
- Philosophy of Education: The Pragmatic Tradition
- Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science, and Epistemology
- Causation
- Dewey, John
- Edinburgh School of Sociology of Knowledge
- Educational Research, Critiques of
- Educational Science
- Educational Theory, Nature of
- Epistemology, Multicultural
- Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research: Campbell and Stanley
- Feminist Standpoint Theory
- Hermeneutics
- Kuhn, Thomas S.
- Lakatos, Imre
- Locke, John
- Philosophical Issues in Educational Research: An Overview
- Popper, Karl
- Positivism
- Postmodernism
- Postpositivism
- Social Constructionism
- Validity, Types of
- Value-Free Ideal for Research: Controversies
- Progressive Education
- Dewey, John
- Du Bois, W. E. B.
- Laboratory School, University of Chicago
- Lifelong Education
- Little Commonwealth: Homer Lane
- Neill, A. S., and Summerhill
- Play
- Productive Labor and Occupations: From Dewey to Makarenko
- Progressive Education and Its Critics
- Project Method
- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
- Russell, Bertrand
- Waldorf Education: Rudolf Steiner
- Psychological Orientation in Educational Theory
- Century of the Child, The: Ellen Key
- Abilities, Measurement of
- Achievement Motivation
- Activity Theory
- Adolescent Development
- Advance Organizers
- Analytical Psychology: Carl Jung
- Aptitude–Treatment Interactions: Evolution of Research
- Associationism
- Behavioral Objectives and Operational Definitions
- Behaviorism
- Bell Curve
- Bruner, Jerome
- Childhood, Concept of
- Cognitive Load Theory and Learning
- Cognitive Revolution and Information Processing Perspectives
- Communities of Learners
- Competence
- Conceptual Change
- Distributed Cognition
- Embodiment
- Evolution and Educational Psychology
- Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research: Campbell and Stanley
- Faculty Psychology and Mental Discipline
- Freud, Sigmund
- Habits
- Herbart, Johann F.
- Individual Psychology: Alfred Adler
- Insight Learning
- Intelligence: History and Controversies
- Intelligent Tutoring Systems
- James, William
- Language Acquisition, Theories of
- Learning, Theories of
- Locke, John
- Metacognition
- Moral Development: Lawrence Kohlberg and Carol Gilligan
- Motivation
- Multiple Intelligences: Howard Gardner
- Neurosciences and Learning
- Pedagogical Content Knowledge: Lee Shulman
- Piaget, Jean
- Play
- Positive Psychology and Education
- Psychoanalytically Oriented Theories of Child Development
- Radical Constructivism: Ernst von Glasersfeld
- Recapitulation, Theory of
- Rogers, Carl: Freedom to Learn
- Self-Regulated Learning
- Single- and Double-Loop Learning
- Social Cognitive Theory
- Stereotype Effects and Attributions: Inside and Out
- Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
- Teaching Machines: From Thorndike, Pressey, and Skinner to CAI
- Teaching, Concept and Models of
- Theories of Action
- Theory of Mind
- Transfer of Learning
- Youth Culture, Theories of
- Social Sciences Orientation in Educational Theory
- Deschooling Society: Ivan Illich
- Activity Theory
- Actor–Network Theory: Bruno Latour
- Alienation
- Anthropology of Education: Main Traditions and Issues
- At-Risk Children
- Capital: Cultural, Symbolic, and Social
- Childhood, Concept of
- Chomsky, Noam
- Church and State
- Code Theory: Basil Bernstein
- Coleman Report
- Colonialism and Postcolonial Theory
- Communities of Learners
- Competence
- Complexity Theory
- Cost–Benefit and Cost-Effectiveness Analyses
- Critical Race Theory
- Critical Theory
- Discourse Analysis
- Diversity
- Dropouts
- Economic Development and Education
- Edinburgh School of Sociology of Knowledge
- Education Production Functions
- Embodiment
- Ethnicity and Race
- Evaluation of Educational and Social Programs: Models
- Evidence-Based Policy and Practice
- Gender and Education
- Globalization and World Society
- Hermeneutics
- Human Capital Theory and Education
- Identity and Identity Politics
- Ideology
- Immigrants, Education of
- Kuhn, Thomas S.
- Language Acquisition, Theories of
- Literacy and the New Literacy Studies
- Loose Coupling
- Managerialism
- Marx, Karl
- Mead, George Herbert
- Modernization Theory
- Privatization
- Quality of Education
- Racism and Multicultural Antiracist Education
- Reflective Practice: Donald Schön
- Reproduction Theories
- Rhetorical Canons
- School and Classroom Climate
- School Choice
- Semiotics
- Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
- Social Class
- Social Constructionism
- Social Darwinism
- Social Reconstruction
- Social Systems Theory: Talcott Parsons and Niklas Luhmann
- Socialization
- Technology and Education
- Technology and Society, Critiques of
- Theories of Action
- Topophilia (Love of Place)
- Vygotsky, Lev
- Youth Culture, Theories of
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