- Entry
- Reader's guide
- Entries A-Z
- Subject index
Retribution
Retribution is one of the principal justifications of punishment, including legal punishment in the context of criminal justice. The core of a retributivist approach is the notion of desert—that punishment is justified by being deserved, with the fact ...
- Correctional Ethics
- Capital Punishment
- Castration of Sex Offenders
- Civil Commitment
- Clemency
- Codes of Conduct
- Codes of Conduct, Corrections
- Competency Restoration and Execution
- Convict Criminology and Convict Higher Education
- Cruel and Unusual Punishment
- Custodial Use of Force
- Death Row
- Deterrence
- Discretion
- Due Process Rights of Prisoners
- Early Release
- Forensic Hospitals, Maximum Security
- Imprisonment Disparities, Race- and Class-Based
- Incapacitation
- Innocence Projects
- Institutionalization
- Intensive Parole and Probation Supervision
- Involuntary Outpatient Commitment
- Juveniles in Adult Jails
- Medical Treatment, Prisoner Right to and Right to Refuse
- Mentally Ill Offenders in Jail or Prison
- Offender Treatment
- Pariah Underground Economy
- Preventive Detention
- Prison Corruption
- Prison Gangs
- Prison Industrial Complex
- Prison Labor
- Prison Overcrowding
- Prison Relationships
- Prison Sexuality
- Prison Unions
- Prison Violence
- Prisoner Rights
- Prisoners' Dilemma
- Prisons, Private
- Punishment
- Rehabilitation
- Restorative Justice
- Restraints, Mechanical
- Retribution
- Selective Incapacitation
- Sex Offenders in Jails or Prisons
- Sex Offenders in the Community
- Shaming Penalties
- Solitary Confinement
- Supermax Prisons
- Victim–Offender Mediation and Reconciliation
- Wrongful Imprisonment
- Criminal Justice Cases and Controversies
- Atkins v. Virginia
- Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
- Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals
- Florida v. Powell
- Graham v. Florida
- Kansas v. Hendricks
- Lawrence v. Texas
- Miller v. Alabama
- Reno v. ACLU
- Roper v. Simmons
- Smith v. Doe
- United States v. Jones
- United States v. Mitchell
- United States v. Tobias
- Virginia v. Black
- Wisconsin vs. Mitchell
- 9/11 Commission Report
- Abortion
- Abu Ghraib Prison
- Age of Criminal Responsibility
- At-Risk Youth
- Battered Woman Syndrome as Defense
- Boot Camps
- Brutalization Hypothesis
- Child Abuse and Neglect
- Collateral Consequences and Felony Convictions
- Collective Efficacy and Crime
- Conscientious Objection
- Corporate Crime
- Criminal Profiling
- D.A.R.E.
- Date Rape
- DREAM Act
- Drug Legalization
- Elder Abuse
- Euthanasia
- Flag Burning
- Gambling
- Gang Subculture
- Genocide
- Gun Violence
- Hate Speech
- High-Profile Cases and “Justice for Sale”
- Human Trafficking
- Hurricane Katrina
- Immigration Law and Policy
- Intellectual Property Rights
- Juvenile Detention Facilities
- Juvenile Gangs and Delinquency
- Juveniles: Waiver or Transfer to Adult Court
- Pornography
- Prostitution
- Public Shootings
- Religious Convictions
- Sex Trafficking
- Sexually Violent Predator Statutes
- Specialized Court, Domestic Violence
- Specialized Court, Mental Health
- Specialized Court, Substance Abuse
- Sports and Ethics
- Suicide in Jail or Prison
- Torture
- Vagrancy and the Homeless
- Victim Impact Statements
- Victim Rights and Restitution in Sentencing
- Violence Risk Assessment
- Work Stress and Occupational Burnout
- Ethics and Critical Criminology
- New Jim Crow, The
- Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, The
- Seductions of Crime, The
- American Civil Liberties Union
- Amnesty International
- Animal Rights, Welfare, and Abuse
- Apartheid
- Apartheid, Petit
- Civil Disobedience, History of
- Class
- Commensense Justice
- Corporate Violence
- Crimes Against Humanity
- Criminology, Convict
- Criminology, Critical
- Criminology, Cultural
- Criminology, Ultramodern
- Critical Pedagogy
- Decriminalization
- Discrimination
- Elite Deviance
- Ethnocentrism
- Evidence
- Gender
- Globalization
- Governmentality
- Green Criminology
- Harms of Reduction and Repression
- International Criminal Courts
- LGBTQ Communities and Hate Crimes
- Panopticon
- Peacemaking and Nonviolence
- Postcolonialism
- Prison Abolition
- Psychological Jurisprudence
- Public Policy
- Race
- Risk Society
- Same-Sex Unions and Defense of Marriage Act
- Social Justice
- State-Sanctioned Violence
- Sustainability
- Synopticon
- Therapeutic Jurisprudence
- Transitional Justice
- USA PATRIOT Act
- Violence Against Girls and Women
- War Crimes
- War on Drugs
- White-Collar Crime
- Women in Prison
- General Criminal Justice Ethics
- Mala in Se and Mala Prohibita
- Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Code of Ethics
- Altruism
- Attorneys
- Causality
- Choice and Action (Actus Reus)
- Citizenship
- Community
- Conscience as Internal Sanction
- Corruption of Institutional Authority
- Crime
- Criminal Responsibility
- Culture
- Deception
- Determinism
- Deviance
- Dignity
- Distributive Justice
- Divine Command Theory
- Duties
- Empathy
- Forgiveness
- Free Will
- Guilt as Internal Sanction
- Hegemony
- Human Rights
- Identity
- Ideology
- Institutional Morality
- Institutional Review Boards
- Intention
- Just Deserts
- Knowledge
- Legitimacy
- Politics
- Power
- Proportionality
- Rational Choice Theory
- Reification
- Rights Under the Law
- Rule of Law
- Science
- Social Control
- Social Justice
- Values
- Vice
- Victims' Bill of Rights
- Virtue
- Volition
- History of Criminal Justice Ethics
- Criminal Justice Ethics
- Absolutism, Ethical
- Aristotle
- Beccaria, Cesare
- Bentham, Jeremy
- Communitarianism
- Deleuze, Gilles
- Demonology
- Egoism and Self-Interest, Ethical
- Egoism and Self-Interest, Psychological
- Foucault, Michel
- Habermas, Jürgen
- Hedonism
- Heidegger, Martin
- Hobbes, Thomas
- Kant, Immanuel
- Kohlberg, Lawrence
- Lacan, Jacques
- Levinas, Emmanuel
- MacIntyre, Alasdair
- Marx, Karl
- Merleau-Ponty, Maurice
- Mill, John Stuart
- Minimalism, Ethical
- Natural Law
- Nietzsche, Friedrich
- Noddings, Nel and Carol Gilligan
- Objectivism, Ethical
- Plato
- Positive Law
- Pragmatism, Ethical
- Rand, Ayn
- Rawls, John
- Relativism, Ethical
- Ross, William David
- Sandel, Michael
- Sartre, Jean-Paul
- Socrates
- Universalism, Ethical
- Walzer, Michael
- Legal Ethics
- Parens Patriae
- Alternative Dispute Resolution
- Bail
- Codes of Conduct
- Competency to Stand Trial
- Determinate and Indeterminate Sentencing
- Double Jeopardy
- DUI Penalties
- Duress and Coercion
- Education, Continuing Legal
- Exclusionary Rule
- Excuses in Law
- Expert Testimony
- Eyewitness Testimony
- Guilt, Legal
- Habeas Corpus
- Harm Principle
- Hypnosis and Recovered Memory Testimony
- Insanity Defense
- Judicial Corruption
- Judicial Discretion
- Judicial Misconduct
- Juries, Duties and Rights of
- Jury Nullification
- Jury Selection
- Justifications in Law
- Juvenile Sentencing
- Juveniles in Adult Courts
- Mandatory Sentencing Laws
- Military Courts
- Moralism, Legal
- Morality Versus Law
- Neuroscience and the Criminal Law
- Offensive Conduct
- Paternalism
- Plea Bargaining
- Polygraphs
- Prosecutorial Discretion
- Prosecutorial Misconduct
- Psychological Tests in the Courtroom
- Reasonableness
- Sentencing Disparities
- Sex Offender Registry
- Sexually Violent Predator Statutes
- Sodomy Laws
- Three-Strikes Laws
- Truth-in-Sentencing Statutes
- Victim Impact Statements
- Police Ethics
- Accountability
- Antiterrorism and Counterterrorism
- Arrest Practices
- Blue Wall of Silence
- Border Patrol
- Codes of Conduct
- Codes of Conduct, Police
- Community Policing
- Confessions, Coerced
- Criminal Informants
- Critical Incident Debriefing
- Deceptive Interrogation
- Dirty Harry Problem
- Discretion
- Drug Enforcement
- Entrapment
- Hostage Negotiations
- Internal Review Practices
- Malfeasance, Nonfeasance, and Misfeasance
- Miranda Warnings
- Neighborhood Watch
- Noble Cause Corruption
- Plain View Doctrine
- Police Corruption
- Police Deviance, Rationalizing
- Police Profiling
- Police Value System
- Police–Citizen Interaction
- Problem-Oriented Policing
- Rotten Apple Corruption
- Sting Operations
- Stop and Frisk
- Suicide by Cop
- TASERS, Pepper Spray, and Other Nonlethal Weapons
- Undercover Operations
- Use-of-Force Policies
- Vigilantism
- Warrants
- Zero-Tolerance Policing
- Technology, Crime, and Ethics
- Biometrics and Identification
- Closed-Circuit Television
- Compstat
- Computer Matching Technology
- Cyberbullying
- Cyberpornography
- Cyberstalking
- Cyberterrorism
- Digital Crime and Security
- Digital Evidence and Crime Scene Investigation
- DNA Lab Accountability
- Drones, Police Use of
- Electronic Monitoring Devices
- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Internet Child Pornography
- Media and Crime
- Media in the Courtroom
- Newsmaking Criminology
- Predictive Policing
- Radio Frequency Identification Technology
- Robots, Police Use of
- Sexting
- Shotspotter Technology
- Simulated Justice
- Social Media as Evidence
- Social Media, Police–Citizen Interaction on
- Surveillance Policing, Digital Locating and Mapping
- Surveillance Policing, Video and Audio
- Televised Executions
- Texting-While-Driving Laws
- Thermal Imaging
- Wireless Communications
- Wireless Networking
- Wiretapping
165239- Loading...
Get a 30 day FREE TRIAL
-
Watch videos from a variety of sources bringing classroom topics to life -
Read modern, diverse business cases
-
Explore hundreds of books and reference titles
Add to list closeHave you created a personal profile? Login or create a profile so that you can save clips, playlists and searches
Read next
More like this
SAGE Recommends
We found other relevant content for you on other SAGE platforms.
link backcloseWant to try SAGE Knowledge first?Sign up for a free trial and experience all SAGE Knowledge has to offer.
start free 30 day trialYou must have a valid academic email address to sign up.
closeWith institutional access I can:Want to try SAGE Knowledge first?- View or download all content my institution has access to
Sign up for a free trial and experience all SAGE Knowledge has to offer.
start free 30 day trialYou must have a valid academic email address to sign up.