SAGE Reference - Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics

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LGBTQ Communities and Hate Crimes

By: Susan J. Tyburski
In: Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics
Edited by: Bruce A. Arrigo
Subject:Values & Ethics, Criminal Justice Ethics

Hate crimes are threats or acts of violence motivated by animus against a specific social group, targeting members of that group. Laws addressing hate crimes do not create new crimes; rather, they provide enhanced penalties for perpetrators of traditional crimes against ...

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  Tyburski, S. (2014). Lgbtq communities and hate crimes. In B. A. Arrigo (Ed.), Encyclopedia of criminal justice ethics (Vol. 1, pp. 560-562). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452274102.n201
  
  Tyburski, Susan J. "LGBTQ Communities and Hate Crimes." In Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics, edited by Arrigo, Bruce A., 560-62. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452274102.n201.
  
  Tyburski, S. 2014. LGBTQ Communities and Hate Crimes. In: Bruce A. Arrigo Editor, 2014. Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 560-562 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452274102.n201> [Accessed 20 May 2022].
  
  Tyburski, Susan J. "LGBTQ Communities and Hate Crimes." Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics. Edited by Bruce A. Arrigo. Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2014, pp. 560-62. SAGE Knowledge. 20 May 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452274102.n201.
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