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Grand Rapids School District v. Ball
At issue in Grand Rapids School District v. Ball (1985) was the constitutionality of two educational programs of the Grand Rapids, Michigan, School District that served the students of nonpublic schools, most of them religiously affiliated. The U.S. Supreme Court in Ball found that the programs were an impermissible mixture of state and religion, but in subsequent cases, it drew back from this position and revised the criteria for judging Establishment Clause cases.
Facts of the Case
The first program, the Shared Time program, offered classes during the school day that supplemented the core curriculum at nonpublic schools and included remedial and enrichment subjects. The Shared Time teachers were full-time employees of the public schools. The public school board provided supplies, instructional materials, and equipment. The second ...
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- Litigation — Collective Bargaining
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- Springfield Township, Franklin County v. Quick
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- Gratz v. Bollinger
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- Keyes v. School District No. 1, Denver, Colorado
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- Grand Rapids School District v. Ball
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- Board of Education of Independent School District No. 92 of Pottawatomie County v. Earls
- Carey v. Piphus
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- Debra P. v. Turlington
- Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools
- Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District
- Grove City College v. Bell
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- National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)
- Parent Teacher Associations/Organizations
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- Primary Sources: Excerpted U.S. Supreme Court Landmark Cases
- Abington Township School District v. Schempp and Murray v. Curlett (Excerpts)
- Agostini v. Felton (Excerpts)
- Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser (Excerpts)
- Board of Education of Independent School District No. 92 of Pottawatomie County v. Earls (Excerpts)
- Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley (Excerpts)
- Board of Education of Westside Community Schools v. Mergens (Excerpts)
- Board of Education v. Allen (Excerpts)
- Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka I (Excerpts)
- Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka II (Excerpts)
- Cleveland Board of Education v. Loudermill (Excerpts)
- Davenport v. Washington Education Association (Excerpts)
- Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education (Excerpts)
- Engel v. Vitale (Excerpts)
- Epperson v. State of Arkansas (Excerpts)
- Everson v. Board of Education of Ewing Township (Excerpts)
- Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools (Excerpts)
- Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District (Excerpts)
- Goss v. Lopez (Excerpts)
- Green v. County School Board of New Kent County (Excerpts)
- Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (Excerpts)
- Honig v. Doe (Excerpts)
- Illinois ex rel. McCollum v. Board of Education (Excerpts)
- Lee v. Weisman (Excerpts)
- Lemon v. Kurtzman (Excerpts)
- Martinez v. Bynum (Excerpts)
- Meyer v. Nebraska (Excerpts)
- Morse v. Frederick (Excerpts)
- New Jersey v. T. L. O. (Excerpts)
- Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 (Excerpts)
- Pierce v. Society of Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary (Excerpts)
- Plyler v. Doe (Excerpts)
- San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez (Excerpts)
- Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (Excerpts)
- Zelman v. Simmons-Harris (Excerpts)
- Zorach v. Clauson (Excerpts)
- Religion in Public Schools
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- Child Abuse
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- Children's Internet Protection Act
- Corporal Punishment
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- Denominational Schools in Canada
- Dress Codes
- Extracurricular Activities, Law and Policy
- Free Speech and Expression Rights of Students
- Gangs
- Gifted Education
- Grading Practices
- Graduation Requirements
- Hazing
- Homeless Students, Rights of
- Homeschooling
- Inclusion
- Juvenile Courts
- Kindergarten, Right to Attend
- Least Restrictive Environment
- Limited English Proficiency
- Locker Searches
- Manifestation Determination
- Minimum Competency Testing
- No Child Left Behind Act
- Nonpublic Schools
- Response to Intervention (RTI)
- Student Suicides
- Testing, High-Stakes
- Transportation, Students' Rights to
- Truancy
- Vaccinations, Mandatory
- Web Sites, Student
- Teacher Rights
- Academic Freedom
- Collective Bargaining
- Drug Testing of Teachers
- Due Process Rights: Teacher Dismissal
- Family and Medical Leave Act
- Highly Qualified Teachers
- Loyalty Oaths
- Personnel Records
- Political Activities and Speech of Teachers
- Privacy Rights of Teachers
- Reduction in Force
- Sexual Harassment of Students by Teachers
- Teacher Rights
- Tenure
- Technology
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