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Fluid Intelligence
Fluid intelligence is the set of cognitive processes that people bring to solving novel tasks and representing, manipulating, and learning new information. Consequently, fluid intelligence is an important construct in educational psychology because it attempts to describe and explain aspects of the individual that influence how, and how well, people solve unfamiliar problems and learn previously unfamiliar material. The history, nature, and current controversies surrounding fluid intelligence are herein reviewed.
History
Early research in intelligence proposed that intelligence was composed of a single, unitary characteristic (known as general intelligence, or g) and a relatively large number of specific abilities. Whereas g was viewed as broad ability having a profound effect on learning, problem solving, and adaptation, specific abilities were viewed as narrow and largely trivial. However, subsequent ...
- Classroom Achievement
- Acceleration
- Alternative Academic Assessment
- Bell Curve
- Direct Instruction
- Educational Technology
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- Gifted and Talented Students
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- Halo Effect
- Home Environment and Academic Intrinsic Motivation
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- Intelligence and Intellectual Development
- Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
- Intelligence Tests
- Literacy
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- Parental Expectations
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- Precision Teaching
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- Cheating
- Contingency Contracts
- Cooperative Learning
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- Distance Learning
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- Educational Technology
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- Cognitive Development
- Cognitive Development and School Readiness
- Conservation
- Deductive Reasoning
- Egocentrism
- Equilibration
- Field Independence–Field Dependence
- Flashbulb Memories, the Nature of
- Inductive Reasoning
- Intelligence and Intellectual Development
- Literacy
- Long-Term Memory
- Measurement and Cognitive Development
- Metacognition and Learning
- Moral Development
- Motivation and Emotion
- Object Permanence
- Perceptual Development
- Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
- Schemas
- Short-Term Memory
- Spelling
- Vygotsky's Cultural-Historical Theory of Development
- Zone of Proximal Development
- Ethnicity, Race, and Culture
- African Americans
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- Bilingual Education
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- Cultural Deficit Model
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- Culture
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- Malnutrition and Development
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- Egocentrism
- Emotion and Memory
- Emotional Development
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- Equilibration
- Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development
- Extracurricular Activities
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- Head Start
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- Individual Differences
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- Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Motivation
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- Mainstreaming
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- Discovery Learning
- Discrimination
- Distance Learning
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- Educational Technology
- Emotion and Memory
- Episodic Memory
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- Flashbulb Memories, the Nature of
- Habituation
- Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Motivation
- Learning
- Learning Communities
- Learning Disabilities
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- Lifelong Learning
- Long-Term Memory
- Malnutrition and Development
- Maturation
- Memory
- Metacognition and Learning
- Mnemonics
- Motivation and Emotion
- Observational Learning
- Older Learners
- Operant Conditioning
- Peer-Assisted Learning
- Perceptual Development
- Premack Principle
- Reinforcement
- Rosenthal Effect
- Shaping
- Short-Term Memory
- Social Learning Theory
- Stimulus Control
- Working Memory
- Organizations
- Peers and Peer Influences
- Public Policy
- Abstinence Education
- Assistive Technology
- Bilingual Education
- Charter Schools
- Child Abuse
- Early Child Care and Education
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- Grade Retention
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- Inclusion
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- Intelligence Tests
- Least Restrictive Placement
- Mainstreaming
- No Child Left Behind
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- School Design
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- Ethnography
- Experimental Design
- External Validity
- Field Experiments
- Frequency Distribution
- Generalizability Theory
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- Longitudinal Research
- Mean
- Median
- Meta-Analysis
- Mode
- Naturalistic Observation
- Normal Curve
- Percentile Rank
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- Standard Scores
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- Statistical Significance
- Social Development
- Teaching
- Aptitude Tests
- Constructivism
- Contingency Contracts
- Criterion-Referenced Testing
- Curriculum Development
- Direct Instruction
- Educational Technology
- Effective Teaching, Characteristics of
- Emotion and Memory
- English as a Second Language
- Evaluation
- Expert Teachers
- Explicit Teaching
- Goals
- Grade Retention
- Grade-Equivalent Scores
- Grading
- Home Education
- Homework
- Instructional Objectives
- Learning Objectives
- Parent–Teacher Conferences
- Personalized System of Instruction
- PRAXIS™
- Precision Teaching
- Rubrics
- Scaffolding
- School Readiness
- Sex Education
- Students' Rights
- Teaching Strategies
- Tracking
- Testing, Measurement, and Evaluation
- Acceleration
- Alternative Academic Assessment
- Aptitude Tests
- Assessment
- Bell Curve
- Certification
- Criterion-Referenced Testing
- Essay Tests
- Evaluation
- External Validity
- Generalizability Theory
- Grade Retention
- Grade-Equivalent Scores
- Grading
- High-Stakes Testing
- Intelligence Tests
- Measurement
- Measurement of Cognitive Development
- Mental Age
- Multiple-Choice Tests
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- Percentile Rank
- Personality Tests
- Reliability
- Rubrics
- Standardized Tests
- Stanford–Binet Test
- Test Anxiety
- Testing
- Validity
- Theory
- Applied Behavior Analysis
- Behavior Modification
- Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
- Classical Conditioning
- Cognitive Behavior Modification
- Cognitive View of Learning
- Constructivism
- Continuity and Discontinuity in Learning
- Cultural Deficit Model
- Dynamical Systems
- Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development
- Generalizability Theory
- Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development
- Learned Helplessness
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Basic Needs
- Neuroscience
- Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
- Premack Principle
- Psychoanalytic Theory
- Psychosocial Development
- Reciprocal Determinism
- Rosenthal Effect
- Schemas
- Social Learning Theory
- Theory of Mind
- Vicarious Reinforcement
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