East Asian national emergency management systems vary from the highly centralized and newly reorganized Chinese and Korean systems to the more decentralized approach of Japan. Local, national, regional, and international and nongovernmental organizations also play key roles in the region's disaster mitigation, preparedness, and response efforts. These systems face a number of geographical, political, economic, and cultural challenges that limit their effectiveness. Recent disasters in East Asia have included natural disasters such as earthquakes, typhoons, and tsunamis; disease pandemics; technological disasters; and conflicts.

Mitigation, Preparedness, and Relief Efforts

The countries of East Asia all have centralized emergency management agencies, but rely on them to varying extents. China began establishing a modern national emergency management system after the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) disease outbreak of 2003. ...

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