Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education

The 1918 report by the National Education Association's Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary Education (CRSE) was published as a bulletin by the U.S. Bureau of Education and titled Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education. The CRSE's seven main objectives have become a classic statement of curriculum aims. In light of an analysis of the typical adult activities of a citizen in a democracy, the Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education identified seven principal objectives of education: (1) health, (2) command of fundamental processes, (3) worthy home membership, (4) vocation, (5) citizenship, (6) worthy use of leisure, and (7) ethical character. The CRSE maintained that all subjects at all levels of education should contribute as appropriate to the achievement of each of these seven objectives for all ...