Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, &amp;amp; Africa: An Encyclopedia

Emrah Sahin

doi:10.4135/9781452218458

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Ottoman Decline and Fragmentation: 1250 to 1920: Middle East

By: Emrah Sahin
In:Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia
Chapter DOI:https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458
Subject:Sociology of Culture, Area Studies (general), Social & Cultural Anthropology
Keywords:armies; Balkans; civil disorder; empires; military; Ottoman Empire; treaties

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Ottoman decline and fragmentation generally refers to the last two centuries of the Ottoman Empire from the late 18th to the early 20th centuries, when the empire struggled and failed to eventually recover from political, economic, military, and social crises. Recent ...

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  Sahin, E. (Ed.) (2012). . (Vols. 1-4). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458
  
  Sahin, Emrah, ed. Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia. 4 vols. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2012. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.
  
  Sahin, E. ed., 2012. Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Available at: <https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458> [Accessed 30 May 2023].
  
  Sahin, Emrah, editor. Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia. 4 vols. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2012. Sage Knowledge, 30 May 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.
  
  Sahin, Emrah. Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia Vol. 4. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2012. doi:10.4135/9781452218458
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