SAGE Reference - Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia

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Democratization: 1900 to Present: South, Central, and West Asia

By: Meera Ashar
In: Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia
Edited by: Andrea L. Stanton, Edward Ramsamy, Peter J. Seybolt & Carolyn M. Elliott
Subject:Sociology of Culture, Area Studies (general), Social & Cultural Anthropology
Keywords:Asia; Central Asia; democratization; independent media; Kyrgyzstan; South Asia; Sri Lanka

The term democratization has been used narrowly to mean the institution of regular, free, and fair multi-candidate elections for public office—featuring a vibrant political opposition and an independent mass media—and more broadly to ...

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  Ashar, M. (2012). Democratization: 1900 to present: south, central, and west asia. In A. L. StantonE. Ramsamy, & P. J. Seybolt (Eds.), Cultural sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An encyclopedia (Vol. 1, pp. IV188-IV190). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n734
  
  Ashar, Meera. "Democratization: 1900 to Present: South, Central, and West Asia." In Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia, edited by Stanton, Andrea L., Edward Ramsamy, and Peter J. Seybolt, IV188-IV190. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2012. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n734.
  
  Ashar, M. 2012. Democratization: 1900 to Present: South, Central, and West Asia. In: Andrea L. Stanton, Edward Ramsamy and Peter J. Seybolt Editors, 2012. Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. IV188-IV190 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n734> [Accessed 8 Aug 2022].
  
  Ashar, Meera. "Democratization: 1900 to Present: South, Central, and West Asia." Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia. Edited by Andrea L. StantonEdward Ramsamy and Peter J. Seybolt. Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2012, pp. IV188-IV190. SAGE Knowledge. 8 Aug 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n734.
  
  Ashar, Meera (2012). Democratization: 1900 to present: south, central, and west asia In: Stanton, Andrea L., Edward Ramsamy, and Peter J. Seybolt (Eds.),Democratization: 1900 to present: South, Central, and West Asia Cultural sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An encyclopedia Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2012:IV188-IV190. doi:10.4135/9781452218458.n734
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