SAGE Reference - Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia

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Female Circumcision: 1900 to Present: Africa

By: Francis E. Godwyll & Grace Annor
In: Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia
Edited by: Andrea L. Stanton, Edward Ramsamy, Peter J. Seybolt & Carolyn M. Elliott
Subject:Sociology of Culture, Area Studies (general), Social & Cultural Anthropology
Keywords:circumcision; female genital mutilation; incontinence; urinary incontinence; urine; vagina; vulva

Female circumcision is a practice that can be traced to approximately 2,000 years ago, and is prevalent today in well over 28 African countries. Also called female genital mutilation (FGM), it is a cultural practice that started in Africa. Though originally ...

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  Godwyll, F., & Annor, G. (2012). Female circumcision: 1900 to present: africa. In A. L. StantonE. Ramsamy, & P. J. Seybolt (Eds.), Cultural sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An encyclopedia (Vol. 1, pp. II280-II280). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n357
  
  Godwyll, F., & Annor, G. (2012). Female circumcision: 1900 to present: africa. In A. L. StantonE. Ramsamy, & P. J. Seybolt (Eds.), Cultural sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An encyclopedia (Vol. 1, pp. II280-II280). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n357
  
  Godwyll, F., & Annor, G. (2012). Female circumcision: 1900 to present: africa. In A. L. StantonE. Ramsamy, & P. J. Seybolt (Eds.), Cultural sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An encyclopedia (Vol. 1, pp. II280-II280). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n357
  
  Godwyll, F., & Annor, G. (2012). Female circumcision: 1900 to present: africa. In A. L. StantonE. Ramsamy, & P. J. Seybolt (Eds.), Cultural sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An encyclopedia (Vol. 1, pp. II280-II280). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n357
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