SAGE Reference - Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia

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Timbuktu: 1400 to 1900: Africa

By: LaRese Hubbard
In: Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia
Edited by: Andrea L. Stanton, Edward Ramsamy, Peter J. Seybolt & Carolyn M. Elliott
Subject:Sociology of Culture, Area Studies (general), Social & Cultural Anthropology

Timbuktu has been known for centuries. It was the African city whose markets trading caravans would cross the Sahara to reach. This was the extraordinary city where people traded salt, gold, slaves, textiles, and books. From the 11th century onward, Timbuktu ...

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  Hubbard, L. (2012). Timbuktu: 1400 to 1900: africa. In A. L. StantonE. Ramsamy, & P. J. Seybolt (Eds.), Cultural sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An encyclopedia (Vol. 1, pp. II203-II203). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n318
  
  Hubbard, LaRese. "Timbuktu: 1400 to 1900: Africa." In Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia, edited by Stanton, Andrea L., Edward Ramsamy, and Peter J. Seybolt, II203. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n318.
  
  Hubbard, L. 2012. Timbuktu: 1400 to 1900: Africa. In: Andrea L. Stanton, Edward Ramsamy and Peter J. Seybolt Editors, 2012. Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. II203 Available at: <http://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n318> [Accessed 17 Apr 2021].
  
  Hubbard, LaRese. "Timbuktu: 1400 to 1900: Africa." Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia. Edited by Andrea L. StantonEdward Ramsamy and Peter J. Seybolt. Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2012, pp. II203. SAGE Knowledge. 17 Apr 2021, doi: http://www.doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.n318.
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