Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, &amp;amp; Africa: An Encyclopedia

Marina Pyrovolaki

doi:10.4135/9781452218458

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Crusades: Prehistory to 1250: Middle East

By: Marina Pyrovolaki
In:Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia
Chapter DOI:https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458
Subject:Sociology of Culture, Area Studies (general), Social & Cultural Anthropology
Keywords:caliphates; crusades; Egypt; empires; Muslims; Saladin; Syria

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The Crusades were military expeditions of a religious nature initiated by the papacy at the end of the 11th century. The term in modern everyday usage is occasionally employed to describe any war launched in the name of Christianity, or colonial ...

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  Pyrovolaki, M. (2012). Crusades: prehistory to 1250: middle east. In Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia (Vol. 4, pp. I39-I44). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458
  
  Pyrovolaki, Marina. "Crusades: Prehistory to 1250: Middle East." In Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia, edited by Pyrovolaki, Marina, I39-I44. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2012. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.
  
  Pyrovolaki, M. 2012. Crusades: Prehistory to 1250: Middle East. In: Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia. Marina Pyrovolaki Editor, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. I39-I44 Available at: <https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458> [Accessed 30 Nov 2023].
  
  Pyrovolaki, Marina. "Crusades: Prehistory to 1250: Middle East." Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia. Edited by Vol. 4. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2012, pp. I39-I44. Sage Knowledge, doi: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218458.
  
  Pyrovolaki, Marina. Crusades: prehistory to 1250: middle east. In Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2012: I39-I44. doi:10.4135/9781452218458
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