SAGE Reference - Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment

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Victimization

In: Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment
Edited by: David Levinson
Subject:General Criminology & Criminal Justice, Corrections/Penology (general)
Keywords:victimization

Victimization is an outcome of asymmetrical relationships that are destructive, predatory, oppressive, and exploitative. Criminal victimization arises from illegal activities and results in physical, emotional, and economic harm. Victimization occurs whenever individuals ...

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  Levinson, D. (2002). Victimization. In Encyclopedia of crime and punishment (Vol. 1, pp. 1675-1678). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950664.n447
  
  Levinson, David. "Victimization." In Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment, edited by Levinson, David, 1675-78. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2002. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950664.n447.
  
  Levinson, D. 2002. Victimization. In: David Levinson Editor, 2002. Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 1675-1678 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950664.n447> [Accessed 17 Aug 2022].
  
  Levinson, David. "Victimization." Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment. Edited by Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2002, pp. 1675-78. SAGE Knowledge. 17 Aug 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950664.n447.
  
  Levinson, David (2002). Victimization In:Victimization Encyclopedia of crime and punishment Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2002:1675-1678. doi:10.4135/9781412950664.n447
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