SAGE Reference - Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment

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Racial Profiling

In: Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment
Edited by: David Levinson
Subject:General Criminology & Criminal Justice, Corrections/Penology (general)

Race-based policing, sometimes referred to as racial profiling, is best described as a practice whereby a police officer makes a law enforcement decision, for example, a decision to stop a motorist, primarily on the basis of the motorist's race or ethnicity. ...

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  Levinson, D. (2002). Racial profiling. In Encyclopedia of crime and punishment (Vol. 1, pp. 1336-1338). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950664.n346
  
  Levinson, David. "Racial Profiling." In Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment, edited by Levinson, David, 1336-38. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2002. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950664.n346.
  
  Levinson, D. 2002. Racial Profiling. In: David Levinson Editor, 2002. Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 1336-1338 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950664.n346> [Accessed 16 Aug 2022].
  
  Levinson, David. "Racial Profiling." Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment. Edited by Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2002, pp. 1336-38. SAGE Knowledge. 16 Aug 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950664.n346.
  
  Levinson, David (2002). Racial profiling In:Racial profiling Encyclopedia of crime and punishment Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2002:1336-1338. doi:10.4135/9781412950664.n346
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