Branding is the practice of adding an artificial identity to a product, company, or person. Originally, branding referred to the practice of marking slaves or cattle with signs of property. Throughout the history of commerce, artisans and artists have branded their name onto their products as a way of accumulating a reputation. As a maker's mark, brands thus have a very long history, dating back to classical times. In the eighteenth century, a growing consumer society established a number of important brands, mostly for luxury goods. On the British market, Champagne and Bordeaux established themselves as important brand names for French wine (now sold by the bottle by specialized merchants), and they were collected by members by the aristocracy and the affluent bourgeoisie who ...

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