Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World

Karen Christensen; David Levinson

doi:10.4135/9781412952583

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Tragedy of the Commons

Edited by:
Karen Christensen
&
David Levinson
In:Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World
Chapter DOI:https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952583
Subject:Community Psychology, Sociology of Communities
Keywords:cattle; herders; tragedy of the commons

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In a 1968 article in Science, Garrett Hardin described what has become one of the lasting metaphors of the twentieth century. Imagine a group of cattle herders surrounding a pasture. No particular herder owns the pasture. Instead, it is common property ...

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  Christensen, K., & Levinson, D. (2003). Tragedy of the commons. In Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World (Vol. 4, pp. 1398-1400). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952583
  
  Christensen, Karen, and David Levinson. "Tragedy of the Commons." In Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World, edited by Christensen, Karen, and David Levinson, 1398-400. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2003. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952583.
  
  Christensen, K. and Levinson, D. 2003. Tragedy of the Commons. In: Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World. Karen Christensen and David Levinson Editors, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 1398-1400 Available at: <https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952583> [Accessed 29 Nov 2023].
  
  Christensen, Karen and David Levinson. "Tragedy of the Commons." Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World. Edited by Vol. 4. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2003, pp. 1398-400. Sage Knowledge, doi: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952583.
  
  Christensen, Karen, and David Levinson. Tragedy of the commons. In Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World. Vol. 4. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2003: 1398-1400. doi:10.4135/9781412952583
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