SAGE Reference - Encyclopedia of U.S. Campaigns, Elections, and Electoral Behavior

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Voting, Incentives for

By: Kimberly L. Nalder
In: Encyclopedia of U.S. Campaigns, Elections, and Electoral Behavior
Edited by: Kenneth F. Warren
Subject:Elections & Political Campaigns, Electoral Systems, Political Behavior (general)

ACCORDING TO AN influential 1957 analysis by Anthony Downs, applying economic theory to voting, it is irrational to vote. This is true because for each individual, the odds of their vote changing the outcome of an election is extremely small. Therefore, ...

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  Nalder, K. (2008). Voting, incentives for. In K. F. Warren (Ed.), Encyclopedia of U.S. campaigns, elections, and electoral behavior (pp. 844-844). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412963886.n441
  
  Nalder, Kimberly L. "Voting, Incentives for." In Encyclopedia of U.S. Campaigns, Elections, and Electoral Behavior, edited by Warren, Kenneth F., 844-844. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2008. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412963886.n441.
  
  Nalder, K. 2008. Voting, Incentives for. In: Kenneth F. Warren Editor, 2008. Encyclopedia of U.S. Campaigns, Elections, and Electoral Behavior, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 844 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412963886.n441> [Accessed 5 Jul 2022].
  
  Nalder, Kimberly L. "Voting, Incentives for." Encyclopedia of U.S. Campaigns, Elections, and Electoral Behavior. Edited by Kenneth F. Warren. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2008, pp. 844-844. SAGE Knowledge. 5 Jul 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412963886.n441.
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