SAGE Reference - Encyclopedia of Black Studies

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Middle Passage

In: Encyclopedia of Black Studies
Edited by: Molefi Kete Asante & Ama Mazama
Subject:Black Studies
Keywords:middle passage

The Middle Passage was the dreadful passage across the Atlantic Ocean made by Africans—who were forced into tight quarters with inadequate food and water and the ill and dying among them—for several weeks or even months en route to being sold ...

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  Asante, M. K., & Mazama, A. (2005). Middle passage. In Encyclopedia of black studies (Vol. 1, pp. 331-333). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412952538.n172
  
  Asante, Molefi K., and Ama Mazama. "Middle Passage." In Encyclopedia of Black Studies, edited by Asante, Molefi Kete., and Ama Mazama, 331-33. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2005. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412952538.n172.
  
  Asante, M. K. and Mazama, A. 2005. Middle Passage. In: Molefi K. Asante and Ama Mazama Editors, 2005. Encyclopedia of Black Studies, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 331-333 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412952538.n172> [Accessed 8 Aug 2022].
  
  Asante, Molefi K. and Ama Mazama. "Middle Passage." Encyclopedia of Black Studies. Edited by Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2005, pp. 331-33. SAGE Knowledge. 8 Aug 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412952538.n172.
  
  Asante, Molefi K., and Ama Mazama (2005). Middle passage In:Middle Passage Encyclopedia of black studies Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2005:331-333. doi:10.4135/9781412952538.n172
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