[Pedophilia][What is the value in learning about pedophilia?How can students benefit from having an understandingof pedophilia in their studies or a future career?]

STEPHEN HOLMES: I think the valueof learning about pedophilia and sex offenders in generalis they have to know something about the peoplethat they're studying about.They have to know what the anticipated gains are.What the motivations of these offenders are.And when we start to understand those things,and then we can start to understand how to stop them.Not only how to stop them, but even how to treat them.And so it takes a lot of background

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: and a lot of investigation and a lot of knowledgeabout these individuals to really understand themand to get to the bottom of their issues,and how the CG system can deal with them.[How do pedophiles differ from other types of sex offenders?Are they more likely to be victimized than otheroffenders?]Pedophiles different from other sexoffenders it in many different ways.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: Number one, they're the type of offenderthat has a sexual attraction to children.Sex offenders can take all different shapes and sizes,but there's only one really that has that attraction.Now of those sex offenders, there's two different types.So there's a pedophile and there's a hebephile.A pedophile likes or has an interestin children before the age of puberty, and hebephile after.So it's very important you make that distinction.Pedophiles are also not really more

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: likely to be victimized than other type of offenders.If you look at the research, what the research tellsus is that there are a lot of people that havea sexual interest in children.A lot of people don't talk about it.A lot of people don't discuss it.A lot of people don't engage in those type of activities.And a lot of people don't even lookat images that might suggest that other pedophiles mightlook at.So there's no way of telling if they're victimized more

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: than other offenders.Although that's a common assumption that some howor another they've been victimizedor sexually abused as a child.But I don't think that's based in reality.[How has treating pedophilia as a disease as opposed to a crimeimpacted law enforcement?]Pedophilia being treated as a disease is important.That's an important first step.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: Actually, it's one of the most important first stepswe can see.Because the more you understand about these offenders,the more you understand what they want.And the more you understand how they're wired.And what's interesting is they're wired justlike you and I except there appearsto be a different structure to that wiring.Let me give you an example.Most people are attracted to members of the opposite sex.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: Some people are attracted to members of the same sex.It's part of their wiring, and we'relearning about that wiring.A lot of pedophiles have that same type of wiring,but it's different.It's not members of the opposite sex.It's not members of the same sex.It's people that are very young and peoplethat are very vulnerable, and peoplethat are in some cases angelic.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: And that's what we're learning is that is innate to them.Now we can treat them, we can [INAUDIBLE] their treatment.But they're still going to have those desires.It's a lot like-- I guess a good example wouldbe a lot like an alcoholic.Once you're an alcoholic, you're always an alcoholic.You're always going to have that drive to have that next drink.If you're addicted to drugs, you're

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: always going to have that drive to have that next pill.Pedophiles are the same way.They always are going to have that constant drive to look at,to be around, to molest kids.But most are able to overcome that through treatment.So when you start to understand that it'san innate drive in the individual,and then we start to understand that you can actually treat it,

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: and it's disease and not necessarily a crime.The actions they engage in are crimes.But the state is really a disease.[How has treatment of pedophilia changed in recent years?Does this differ across communities?]The treatment pedophilia has changed.And I think a lot of the change isbecause we now realize it's a disease that people

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: suffer from.It's an affliction that oftentimes they're born with,and it evolves over the course of their lifetime.So treatment follows that.They're no longer looked at, or theyshouldn't be looked at any longer as a person that'sjust a vile criminal.True, their acts are vile.True, anyone who hurts a child, molests a child,does anything to a child, that act itself is vile.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: But by recognizing what they're doing and why they do it,we're oftentimes able to treat them.Now when I say treat them, when I'm talking about,is we're able to talk about and to teach themthe damage they do to kids.And when we can show to them, that effect on that pedophileis tremendous and it has a tremendous impact.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: The problem is it's a very short term impact.So they need to be treated throughout their life course.They need to be reminded.It's a lot like alcoholics going to AA.They need meetings every once.What, they need treatment.They need that constant intervention to tell themand to show them what they're doing is not quite right.And it can have tremendous impacts on kids.It changes across communities because the areas

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: of the country look at these types of offensesand look at crime very differently.We have cultural differences across areas of the country.And so in the more enlightened areas it's treated as disease.In the less enlightened areas it's not.They look more at the offender and the offense,and treat it as a crime.Somehow we have to educate the publicto understand what these offenders are,

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: and what they're doing, and why they engage in the activitiesthey do.[How should the public be educated?]Well, I think that's part of our jobas academics, to educate the public,to educate the students coming up,to educate criminal justice students about whothese individuals are.And I think that's one of the things

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: that Sage does well in their books.They educate individuals about offenders.There an anticipated gain, their wants, their fantasies.And when you start to understand the whole offender,you can start to understand how we can address the problem,and how we can treat these offenders.And how our country can change.And maybe, maybe one day, there will be a long term treatment.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: But until we recognize what the problem is,we're not going to get there.And so that's our job as academics.[What do you think the future holds in terms of the studyof pedophiles and rehabilitation and what do you feel arereasons for those changes?]We're no longer looking at corporal punishment.We're no longer looking at punishment that maybeinvolves some type of pain.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: Instead, we're looking inside the individual.Trying to train them, trying to teach them the damage they do.It's not just about telling peopleit's bad to look at children, it'sbad to look at these images, it'sbad to download child pornography,but you have to teach them, constantly teach them.And it reinforces them the damageyou can do to the victims.And for the most part, not all, but most pedophiles

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: truly love children.And they would never do anything normally to hurt that child.Although they do.They don't understand what they're doing.They just haven't made that connection.And so when you start to put these things together,you start to look at how treatment options can reallyopen up.How you can bring them in and show them the damagethey've done to kids.And I think that's what treatment really

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: holds in the future for most pedophiles.There are some pedophiles that really cannot be treated.The violent, the sadistic, the misopeds.You're not treating them.They have multiple issues.And it's not just that sexual attraction to children.But the majority of them, by showing themthe issues, the damage they cause,you can cut off some of that.[What new research directions do you find most exciting,

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: and where would you like to take your own research?]Most of the promising new researchis out there is looking at the different types of offenders.What their wants are, what their anticipated gainsare, what their fantasies are.And one of the areas that I plan on taking my researchis looking more at hebephiles.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: And as I mentioned before or after,I guess I may not have mentioned, pedophilesor individuals that have a sex attraction to childrenbefore the age of adolescence, hebephilesare after the age of adolescents.And the criminal activity of offenderswith those different types are very different.We often think of a pedophile as someone that creeps up on kids,grabs them, and runs and molests them.That's not the way it happens for most pedophiles.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: In most pedophiles, they follow kids, they gain their trust,and they use their trust in abusing the kids.Hebephiles are very, very different.And that's something that people don't understand.Most hebephiles are attracted to adolescents.And they use money, cash, and drugs in a barter exchange

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: relationship to get what they want from the child.And so the child then oftentimess--the child victims of hebephiles are in essence pseudoprostitutes, where they're gettingbaseball gloves, tickets to concerts, drugs, or somethingelse in exchange for back rubs or chest rubsor whatever type of activity they can go in.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: But that's one of the areas I really plan on focusing.Because hebephilia is something that's really been overlooked.And I think it's very important.And we're starting to see it more and more.And for the most part, it doesn'tcome to the attention of law enforcementbecause the victim is a willing participantin this type of activity.We're starting to see some victims-- or I'm sorry,

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: some perpetrators in the newspaper.Some different cases.There was a case in the town of Cincinnatiwhere twin doctors were accused and convictedof molesting their victims.The adolescent victims.But it's a really fascinating area.And it's an area that's not talked about.Of course, it's going to take a lot of cases,and a lot of interviews.

STEPHEN HOLMES [continued]: But that's one of the areas I'd like to expose more.And it's one of the areas of my research that's going.