The Encyclopedia of Housing

AAHI is an applied policy research center located in the School of Planning and Public Policy at Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey. Their principal objective is to develop a new knowledge base for action that will enhance the ability of all Americans to live in decent, safe, and affordable housing.

AAHE was founded to strengthen and promote the interdisciplinary study of housing as a vital part of both consumer education and professional preparation for housing careers in the private and public sectors. Members are encouraged to become active in the various committees through which the majority of the association's work is accomplished.

This organization serves to unite the nation's architects, to promote the architectural profession, to advance research in the field, and to coordinate the building design industries.

A national organization, it was founded to encourage the safe and efficient transfer of property ownership by informing and educating consumers, regulators, legislators, and members.

A nonprofit public interest and research organization, it was established to advance the art and science of planning and to foster physical, economic, and social planning at the local, regional, and national levels. It resulted from a merger between the American Institute of Planners and the American Society of Planning Officials. Its members share a commitment to the use of sound planning to meet the nation's economic and community development needs, to conserve resources, and to preserve the environment.

This organization publishes a quarterly journal on scholarly research in real estate issues, including housing, to facilitate communication among academic researchers and industry professionals.

ASHA is a national association of corporations and agencies in the seniors’ housing sector. It is dedicated to promoting policies and legislation favorable to the development and preservation of seniors’ housing; disseminating information on tax and finance laws, building codes, and regulations that affect seniors’ housing; and fostering the exchange of information and ideas in the industry.

AI serves the public by conferring membership designations to properly qualified real estate appraisers and by enforcing a code of standards and ethics on its members. It also represents its members before Congress and government agencies and promotes research in the appraisal field.

A national organization of residential care providers, ALFA offers health and daily living assistance to those who cannot or choose not to live alone. It represents its members before legislative bodies and regulatory agencies, monitors legislation that affects the assisted-living industry, and develops research, position papers, and policy statements to advance the industry. The association also sponsors conventions, meetings, and educational programs for its members.

A national organization, BSC is composed of four councils representing distinct segments of the housing manufacturing industry. The councils represent their members on legislative and regulatory issues, promote the architectural and engineering excellence of building systems through conventions and trade expositions, and offer quality control programs, technology seminars, and information services.

CUD was founded to develop a variety of affordable housing options and innovative approaches to investigating, designing, financing, and managing models of adaptable housing and applications of universal design in the home environment. The center offers information and referral services and technical design assistance services, which are offered for a fee.

CUPR provides Rutgers University with an interdisciplinary focal point for studies of urban and regional policy. Its mission is to serve the university, the state, and the nation by conducting research, by disseminating research results, and by educating the researchers and practitioners of the future. In addition to publications and research, CUPR teaches graduate courses, trains students in research projects, conducts conferences and seminars, and provides expert advice.

The center facilitates and supports multidisciplinary studies by housing and administering research projects, publishing papers, and improving communications among researchers and institutions in Canada and elsewhere. Its members are predominantly academic, with strong links to policy and practitioner communities. The center also publishes a newsletter, and organizes seminars and conferences.

CAI is a national organization of condominium, cooperative, and homeowner associations; builders; developers; insurance and real estate brokers; and individual homeowners. It is dedicated to developing and distributing the most advanced and effective guidelines for creating, financing, operating, and maintaining community facilities and services. The organization provides information and referral services, tracks legislation concerned with community associations and housing issues, and hosts two national conferences and two law seminars per year.

CHAM works to expand the capacity of community-based organizations and others working in the nonprofit housing industry to responsibly own and professionally manage affordable housing. The organization provides asset and property management training for low-income, nonprofit housing providers. Regional branches across the country offer housing management training programs and advise on-site about specific property and asset management issues.

A private nonprofit organization, CHF helps low-income families overseas build better housing and communities. CHF has been working at the grass roots [Page 797]and at the municipal and national government levels in activities aimed at enabling people to live in better, healthier environments. Through approaches such as credit and finance, job creation, institution building, and policy formulation, the CHF enables families to invest their own resources to improve their economic situation and their living conditions. The organization helps to strengthen the capabilities of host governments and communities, donor agencies, small- and medium-size private businesses, and nongovernmental organizations in 80 developing countries.

CARH seeks to secure adequate funding for affordable housing programs and works to maintain a tax environment conducive to the continued construction of affordable housing.

CLPHA is composed of more than 60 of the largest housing authorities that own and manage more than 40% of the public housing stock in the United States. Its mission is the preservation and improvement of public housing programs addressing physical conditions, management and operations issues, legislation, and funding.

An international professional society, the council holds world congresses every 5 years, organizes regional conferences, and acts as an information clearinghouse for its members.

Its mission is to provide low-income households with opportunities to access fit and affordable housing and to move out of poverty.

This is the longest established organization dedicated to improving the quality of human environments through research-based design. EDRA seeks to advance the art and science of environmental design research, improve understanding of the interrelationships between people and their built and natural surroundings, and help create environments responsive to human needs.

ENHR is an organization of research institutes and individual scholars in the housing field. The purpose is to direct research attention toward discovering the links between political, economic, and social factors in the international housing market; to develop methods for analyzing and measuring the housing situation; and to foster communication between social scientists working in this field.

ERES is an international association providing a network between real estate centers and practicing professionals. Primarily focusing on commercial real estate, it seeks to address the needs of the European commercial property industry and academics who deal with the rapidly internationalizing property industry.

Fannie Mae is a private corporation with a public mission to facilitate homeownership. It provides financial products and services that increase the availability and the affordability of mortgage credit for low-, moderate-, and middle-income households. It provides a secondary market for mortgage loans, and it purchases residential home loans from mortgage-lending institutions.

The Finance Board was created to supervise the operations of 12 federal home loan (FHL) banks and the Office of Finance. The five-director board oversees the FHL banks’ financial performance and operations and administers the Affordable Housing, Community Investment, and Community Support programs. Member institutions borrow funds from FHL banks at interest rates lower than the commercial market to give them the liquidity to offer [Page 798]loans to home buyers. The FHL bank system was created to provide a credit system to strengthen the housing market weakened by the Great Depression.

GNMA was created by Congress and is more commonly known as Ginnie Mae. It was formed to achieve three goals: to manage and sell loans previously held by Fannie Mae, to guarantee government-sponsored mortgage pools, and to assist with the development of certain low-income mortgage assistance programs. Ginnie Mae also assists in the packaging, standardizing, and guaranteeing of cash flows from government-sponsored mortgages for investors in the secondary mortgage market. This has been essential in the development of the mortgage-backed securities market.

This is an ecumenical, Christian organization that seeks to eliminate substandard, poverty housing through the construction of low-cost homes and the rehabilitation of existing ones. These programs are joint ventures that involve residents and community volunteers in the building and renovation process. Former president Jimmy Carter's participation helped provide publicity for these efforts. The organization also coordinates services for the homeless, sponsors educational programs for schools and the general public, and distributes a free bimonthly newsletter that reports projects news and information on affordable housings.

HIC is an independent alliance of more than 350 nongovernmental and community-based organizations working in the field of housing and human settlements in nearly 80 countries. The primary focus of HIC is creating conditions that lead to the implementation of the right to a place to live in peace and dignity.

The center focuses on the needs of homeless persons with serious mental illnesses. It disseminates information about housing and support services to homeless persons with mental illnesses, their families, and service providers.

HFA initially was chartered to provide fundraising assistance to hospices operating in southern Florida. Now it has expanded its scope to the national level. A board of health policy experts guides the foundation's efforts to offer leadership regarding the entire spectrum of end-of-life issues, to serve as a resource on hospice issues and care of the terminally ill for policymakers, and to advocate for sound principles of hospice.

HDLI is a nonprofit organization that provides legal and educational services for the public affordable housing sector.

HAC is a nonprofit corporation that fosters the development of low-income housing in the rural United States through technical assistance, seed money loans, research projects, housing programs, policy assistance, and training and information service.

This group has served as an advocacy and information-sharing organization for public and private nonprofit housing partnerships across the United States since 1990. It also works to develop [Page 799]programs and policy related to the expansion of affordable housing opportunities and the revitalization of inner-city, suburban, and rural communities.

IREM provides education and certification for real estate management professionals—managers of residential, commercial, and industrial properties; asset managers and site managers; property supervisors; and management company owners.

IAHS is an international, interdisciplinary nonprofit organization that promotes research on housing science, disseminates research findings to members of the public and private sector housing fields; and sponsors international conferences to develop innovative ideas and methods to solve worldwide housing shortages.

The objectives of the IAPS are to facilitate communication among those concerned with the relationships between people and their physical environment, stimulate research and innovation for improving human well-being and the physical environment, and promote the integration of research, education, policy, and practice.

IFHP's purpose is to provide easy access to internationally available sources of knowledge in housing, urban and regional planning, the environment, and related fields to improve housing and planning practice throughout the world.

This is an interdisciplinary research institute whose purpose is to bring together members of the academic community with housing industry executives and government officials to study trends in design, production, and consumption of housing and to analyze public and private efforts to meet affordable housing needs in the United States. Its research has been instrumental in shaping housing legislation at the local, state, and federal levels and in informing private groups of various aspects of housing policy.

This is a national organization of over 5,000 nonprofit senior housing facilities, retirement communities, nursing homes, and community agencies servicing the elderly. It serves its members by representing the concerns of nonprofit elder care organizations before Congress and federal agencies.

A national organization of corporations, MBA is involved in real estate finance and related fields, representing the real estate finance industry before Congress and federal regulators. It also provides members with education and networking services, including correspondence courses, seminars, and conferences.

This alliance is dedicated to the prevention and eradication of homelessness. It was originally founded as the Committee for Food and Shelter and serves as a source of information on homeless issues and low-cost housing and as a network for homeless advocates in the private, public, and nonprofit sectors.

NAIHC seeks to increase low-income housing opportunities for more than 500 Indian tribes and Alaska Native villages on reservation and trust lands and provides a national forum for tribal leaders and Native American Indian housing professionals.

NAA is the largest full-service trade association in the United States servicing the specific needs of the multifamily housing industry.

NAHC is a national trade association representing the nation's home care providers. It works to ensure availability of humane, cost-effective, high-quality home care services by advocating home care's interest before congress, the administration, and various federal and state regulatory agencies. In addition, it provides educational programming and publications for home care providers.

NAAHL's mission is to build bridges between capital markets and U.S. neighborhoods. It is dedicated to delivering credit to low- and moderate-income families, first-time home buyers, and affordable rental housing.

NAHRO provides advocacy for affordable housing and strong, viable communities. It enhances the professionalism and effectiveness of its members through professional development training, conferences, and publications.

NAHC is a nonprofit federation of housing cooperatives, professionals, organizations, and individuals that promotes the interest of cooperative housing in the United States. It provides a network for those involved in the cooperative housing field, technical assistance on the development and operation of cooperatives, representation on issues of concern before Congress and federal agencies, and consulting and training services.

A national, nonprofit organization of public and private sector agencies, ALHFA is responsible for developing and financing affordable housing. It serves both as an advocate before Congress and regulatory agencies on issues affecting affordable housing and as a forum in which members can interact with others in the field.

NAR represents residential and commercial real estate brokers, sales people, and property managers; appraisers; and counselors before Congress and promotes the right to own, transfer, and use real property. It provides members with educational programs, informational services, and research opportunities designed to enhance their businesses and the reality industry as a whole.

NCHH is a nonprofit organization solely dedicated to establishing healthy, green, and safe homes for families across all income levels through research, education, training, and policy efforts.

This was founded to promote the development of sound home equity conversion opportunities for older homeowners.

NCHM is a nonprofit organization created by Executive Order 11668 of the president of the [Page 801]United States to “strengthen and professionalize” public and privately owned federally assisted housing. It also provides training and certification programs, a toll-free hotline service for certified professionals, and technical services for management improvement and audits.

NCH promotes affordable housing, health care, and benefits for the homeless through policy, advocacy, public education, and grassroots organizing. The board members serve as links between the coalition and homeless advocacy organizations on the state and local levels by providing technical assistance and informational materials.

This was created by Congress as part of the Department of Housing and Urban Development Reform Act of 1989. The commission was established to identify public housing developments in a severe state of distress, assess the most promising strategies to improve the condition of distressed housing projects, and develop a national action plan to eliminate unfit living conditions in severely distressed developments.

The Douglas Commission was appointed by President Lyndon Johnson, and the report was issued in the closing days of the Johnson administration. The report is a blueprint for urban reform, and it examined the federal urban renewal program, overall urban development policy, building and housing codes, development standards, urban government, and urban public finance.

NCRC battles discrimination through its dedication to increasing fair and equal citizen access to credit and banking services and products. It provides regulatory and legislative updates on community reinvestment issues and networking with legislators, academicians, the press, and community reinvestment leaders.

NCHRC is a consortium of 18 research institutions with interest in housing and community development. Their mission is to operate a national cooperative network of housing-related research centers to serve the residential and light-commercial construction industry, to facilitate the adoption of technological innovations by the industry, and to improve the quality of building science in the United States.

NCSHA is a nonprofit organization created to assist its members in advancing the interest of lower-income and underserved people through the financing, development, and reservation of affordable housing.

NFHA is a nonprofit organization dedicated to achieving fair, nondiscriminatory housing in the United States by educating housing consumers and housing industry officials, promoting the enforcement of fair housing and fair lending laws, and researching the causes and effects of housing discrimination. It also provides technical and program assistance to private and public fair housing agencies and consults for the housing and mortgage lending industry.

This foundation was founded to preserve the existing stock of affordable housing, create new affordable housing, and link social services to housing needs in poor communities. It also works to develop affordable housing models and to provide technical assistance in property acquisition by other nonprofit organizations.

NHHA provides educational publications to assist prospective home buyers and testifies on Capital Hill on behalf of home buyers and homeowners.

NH&RA is a national membership organization that promotes partnerships among professionals in the affordable multifamily housing field. It represents its membership before Congress and other national forums.

NHC promotes public awareness of the nation's housing needs and advocates national housing policies designed to make decent housing available, affordable, and accessible to all citizens.

NHI was established to provide information on affordable housing and community building to state and local policymakers, nonprofit groups, and practitioners in the low-income housing and community development field.

NHLP is a legal advocacy group dedicated to helping poor people gain access to decent, affordable housing. It works to protect and expand the existing affordable housing stock, and it monitors the efficacy of government housing programs. In addition, it combats segregation, works to improve minority communities, and promotes fair operation practices of publicly assisted housing.

NHT is a national nonprofit organization dedicated to the preservation of affordable housing. The trust also does technical and project-based consulting work with private, nonprofit, and public agency clients.

NISH is a constituent unit of the National Council on the Aging. It serves a network of housing providers and advocates promoting quality housing options for older people. It represents the concerns of both residents and providers of housing before state, national, and local decision makers.

NLHA is dedicated to expanding the supply of low-and moderate-income housing and to strengthening the role of the government and providing such housing. It lobbies Congress and government agencies for the development of housing for elderly, handicapped, and low-income people.

NLIHC is a nonprofit educational organization that conducts research and provides information on the U.S. affordable housing crisis to Congress, the executive branch, the media, and the public. It is the nation's foremost organization in support of low-income housing and helps to foster the development of a growing number of state-based housing coalitions throughout the United States.

This commission is a nonprofit bipartisan group with a fourfold mission: (a) to determine the possible magnitude of loss of low-cost, federally subsidized housing and the causes of the loss, (b) to examine alternative ways to minimize the loss of subsidized housing stock, (c) to recommend ways to offset the negative effect of any losses on low-income [Page 803]households, and (d) to analyze the cost of alternative solutions to the U.S. Treasury.

NMHC is a national association of corporations in the rental housing industry that promotes governmental policies favorable to the preservation of rental housing, campaigns to combat rent control legislation, disseminates information, maintains a comprehensive library and information clearing house, and hosts industry meetings.

This coalition was established to lobby Congress for programs and policies to improve low-income housing in rural areas.

NSHRC was established to support shared-housing programs for the elderly, disabled, homeless, and single parents. The volunteers offer training and technical assistance for governmental and nonprofit shared-housing sponsors and aid them in the planning, financing, and management of their programs.

NHSA purchases below-market-rate, high-risk loans originated by local Neighborhood Housing Services organizations. It creates a secondary market for home purchase mortgages, home rehabilitation and multifamily loans, and real estate development financing.

This organization is the country's preeminent leader in affordable housing and community development. It works to create opportunities for lower income people to live in affordable homes in safe, sustainable neighborhoods that are healthy places for families to grow.

This partnership is the nation's largest service-providing agency dealing exclusively with the issues surrounding homelessness. Serving New York City, it seeks to motivate various units of government, religious denominations, private industry, charitable foundations, and the general public to formulate programs and provide funding for the housing and care of homeless people.

PRRAC is a civil rights policy organization begun by major civil rights, civil liberties, and antipoverty groups in 1989–1990. Its primary mission is to help connect advocates with social scientists working on race and poverty issues and to promote a research-based advocacy strategy on structural inequality issues. Among other things, the organization pursues project-specific work in the areas of housing, education, and health, focusing on the importance of “place.”

This association is a national, nonprofit association representing the directors of public housing agencies before Congress and the Department of Housing and Urban Development. It conducts workshops, seminars, and tradeshows and provides members with informational resources.

SCHS is a research, information, and referral center for issues related to housing and community development. It serves to facilitate the provision of safe, decent, and affordable housing and community development and to establish Florida as the national and international model for successful affordable housing delivery.

UHAB assists local residents throughout New York City to develop and administer their own low-income housing. It is a not-for-profit organization that has trained people living in some 20,000 dwelling units to acquire, finance, repair, and redesign their own apartments and to manage their own housing associations.

This institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization. The purpose of the institute is to investigate the social and economic problems confronting the United States and to evaluate governmental programs designed to alleviate those problems. The organization is divided into seven independent centers, each with a specific research focus.

ULI has been widely recognized as the preeminent voice in the United States for encouraging and fostering high standards of land use planning and real estate development.

This institute's mission is to create housing and economic security for low-income women and their families in Boston. It provides technical assistance to community and women's groups on housing and business development and develops innovative affordable housing.

English- and French-language journal concerned with interest of architects, planners, and scholars of environmental design.

Quarterly journal concerned with research interest of urban, regional, and environmental planners, geographers, and architects.

Promotes discussion of affordable housing policies and alternatives, understanding of housing, community renewal, rehabilitation, and property standards affecting the urban environment. It recognizes adequate and affordable housing as a fundamental human right.

Urban affairs magazine covering community action and government policy as it affects low-income neighborhoods in New York City and elsewhere.

Offers high-quality original research on housing and community development issues to scholars, government officials, and practitioners. The journal is open to all relevant disciplines, including architecture, consumer research, demography, economics, engineering, ethnography, finance, geography, law, planning, political science, public policy, regional science, sociology, statistics, and urban studies.

Bimonthly, English-language publication of the Athens Center of Ekistics. Concerned with interest of architects, urban and regional planners, scholars, and policymakers in related fields. Contains original articles on themes regarding human settlements, including housing, civic design, urban economics, and planning practice and education.

Bimonthly journal concerned with research in environmental design. Contains primarily empirical articles that focus on the environment-behavior interface, including housing.

International monthly journal covering issues in urban planning, including housing and topics such as environmental values, long-term urban growth, and locational analyses of industries.

Bimonthly journal concerned with the interest of urban and regional planners, architects, and design theorists. Focuses on mathematical, computer, and systems approaches to cities, regions, buildings, and urban morphologies.

Interdisciplinary and international quarterly journal reporting original research in economics, political science, public administration, geography, urban and regional studies, and related disciplines. Articles focus on housing, planning, and land use; urban, environmental, and regional policy; transportation issues; tax and fiscal policy; and urban economic development.

International bimonthly journal focusing on theoretical and empirical research that addresses the relations between society and space.

Biannual publication serving to encourage Third World researchers, teachers, nongovernmental organization (NGO) staff, and professionals to debate on issues and exchange information on their activities and publications. Each issue contains seven to 10 papers on a particular theme.

Quarterly journal on research into urban issues in a development context. It addresses aspects of urban policy and implementation, the links between planning, building, and land finance and management.

The educational, informational, and outreach publication of Habitat for Humanity International, a nonprofit, ecumenical, Christian organization dedicated to eliminating poverty housing worldwide. Habitat works in partnership with people in need to build simple, decent shelter that is sold at no profit, through no-interest loans.

Weekly nationwide publication covering the housing markets, legislation, and regulations. Contains current information on housing activity nationwide.

Weekly, loose-leaf national publication in reference service providing comprehensive coverage of housing and urban development programs and management, community and economic development, and related business, finance, and tax issues.

Triannual journal concerned with the interest of architects, interior designers, researchers, realtors, and educators in the housing field. Articles cover a broad range of topics, including housing, alternatives, design, utilities, interiors, energy, policy, and behavioral aspects of housing.

Tracks the housing market in the United Kingdom. It is published quarterly, in February, May, August, and November, by the Council of Mortgage Lenders. Each issue includes a commentary on housing market trends during the preceding quarter.

Quarterly journal of the International Union of Housing Finance Institutions. It presents nontechnical articles relating to the housing finance field.

A now defunct quarterly journal. It covered all aspects of housing finance, including portfolio management by private financial institutions, and various types of mortgages and mortgage-related instruments. It also reviewed the structure of primary and secondary mortgage markets.

A scholarly journal published quarterly by the Fannie Mae Foundation that provides insightful discussion of an original research on a broad range of housing issues.

Published quarterly and is a referred international journal presenting original research on all aspects of housing studies and housing policy.

Quarterly publication covering all aspects of urban and regional development research, including housing. The audience is primarily academic.

Quarterly publication that serves as a clearinghouse of information on programs related to affordable housing and community development law and provides training programs for lawyers and concerned laypersons.

A quarterly publication on scholarly research in real estate issues. Its purpose is to facilitate communication among academic researchers and industry professionals and to improve decisions related to real estate.

Published in cooperation with several international architectural and design organizations, this journal is a major international, interdisciplinary resource for professionals and scholars in architecture, design, and planning.

Bimonthly publication on the needs and concerns of public housing and redevelopment officials. Contents include direct administrative, organizational, and operational reports.

A quarterly publication focusing on economic research related to housing and targeted toward academics and professionals.

A quarterly journal focusing on the interests of architects, urban planners, managers, and policymakers specializing in seniors’ housing. It seeks to enhance the residential environment for the elderly through the rapid publication of original, cross disciplinary research in the housing and aging fields.

A scholarly journal published twice a year by the Fannie Mae Foundation. It presents theoretical and empirical research on housing and finance issues.

This quarterly journal is a forum for planning educators and scholars (from both academia and practice) to present results from teaching and research that advance the profession and improve the planning practice.

A quarterly publication that includes review articles and abstracts of recent literature in city and regional planning and design, while simultaneously offering an understanding of the state of knowledge of the field for use in research or professional practice.

A bimonthly journal focused on asset and property management of investment-grade real estate.

A quarterly journal that focuses on business decision-making applications of scholarly real estate research. It is especially interested in research that can be useful to business decision makers in areas such as development, finance, investment, management, market analysis, marketing, and valuation.

A quarterly journal that provides an international, interdisciplinary forum for original, peer-reviewed papers on psychosocial distress. Articles explore contemporary and historical issues relating to education, health care, criminal justice, economics, and the family, treating topics such as homelessness, urban violence, and racial tension.

A bimonthly publication focusing on urban economics. The journal also has brief notes commenting on published work, new information, or new theoretical advances.

A quarterly, English-language, refereed international journal sponsored by the Netherlands Institute for Physical Planning and Housing (NIROV), the Faculty of Architecture, Urban Planning and Housing (Delft University of Technology), the Netherlands Graduate School for Housing and Urban Research (NETHUR), and OTB Research Institute for Policy Sciences and Technology (Delft University of Technology). It focuses on the interest of research, policymakers, architects, and others in the fields of housing and urban studies.

Published quarterly in the United Kingdom. It is a refereed journal of an association of institutes and individuals concerned with housing, design, and development in the building environment. This association focuses on exchanges that enable the various professional disciplines dealing with the built environment to understand the dynamics of housing and so contribute more effectively to it. Its more general aim is to improve the quality of the built environment through encouraging a greater sharing of decision making and to help develop the necessary institutional frameworks that will support the local initiatives of people in the housing process.

This is a semi-annual, peer-reviewed publication that runs 96 pages per issue and is unique in that it is the first academic journal specifically focused on suburban studies. The journal is broad based and multidisciplinary, inviting submissions from fields across the social and natural sciences.

A periodic journal focusing on human-environment interaction primarily in the Southwest Pacific region. Its primary objective is to facilitate communication between researchers to improve the physical environment.

A monthly publication serving professional architects and planners. It explores the processes behind architecture, the people, policies, and producers that make it happen, and examines typical problems in architecture. PA evaluates buildings after they have been in use to see what has worked and what has not.

A quarterly journal focusing on current issues in real estate law.

A quarterly national publication providing comprehensive coverage of real estate topics and issues. It contains articles on a variety of topics relating to real estate. Each issue also contains a letters to the editor section and special sections on the topics of law and taxation, appraisal, and executive compensation.

A magazine that contains summaries of important research, analysis of new policies, essential facts and figures, legal updates, and reviews, both in Great Britain and the rest of Europe.

A quarterly publication of cross-indexed abstracts covering the spectrum of urban studies.

A quarterly publication of the Swedish Institute for Housing Research, the Finnish Ministry of [Page 809]Environment, the Norwegian Institute of Urban and Regional Research, and the Danish Building Research Institutes. It focuses on the interests of architects, planners, and policymakers in the housing field.

The nation's oldest continually published housing and community development publication. It serves as a primary forum for organizers, activists, and advocates in the affordable housing and neighborhood revitalization movements. Its goal is to empower individuals and groups to take control of their communities and effect real change. In 1983, the National Housing Institute (NHI) incorporated as an independent nonprofit research organization and publisher of Shelterforce. The magazine reflects the view that successful community revitalization requires both local, bottom-up community organizing and a national agenda that supports urban redevelopment and grassroots revitalization efforts. It provides activists with clear analysis of important policy issues and concise descriptions of rules and regulations, while providing local, state, and national policymakers with input from the grass roots.

A nationwide, monthly publication offering news, ideas, and information for federal low-income housing tax credit program participants.

A former, triannual publication of the United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (UNCHS) that focused on the interests of housing professionals, officials, and scholars.

Presents the empirical and theoretical research of urban scholars in a variety of disciplines. Published six times a year.

Quarterly publication aimed at stimulating debate and interaction on various urban topics in developed and developing countries, including housing. Each issue focuses on a theme.

Semiquarterly journal focusing on the research interests of geographers, urban planners, policymakers, and scholars in related social science fields.

An international journal published 11 times per year by the University of Glasgow. Contributions to the journal are drawn from the field of economics, planning, statistics, sociology, demography, and public administration.

Quarterly publication containing detailed information on national and regional housing markets in the United States. Each issued includes current and historical data on diverse topics.

An annual international journal presenting feminist perspectives on women's relationships to the built, natural, and social environments.

Title I: Property Improvements

Section 2: Manufactured Housing (Loan Insurance) Property Improvement (Loan Insurance)

Title II:

Section 203: Homes (One-to-Four Family) (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 203(h): Disaster Housing (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 203(i): Suburban and Outlying Areas or Small Communities (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 203(k): Major Home Improvements (Loan Insurance)

Section 207: Multifamily Housing (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 213: Cooperative Housing (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 221(d): Homeownership Assistance for Low- and Moderate-Income Families (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 221(h): Major Home Improvements (Loan Insurance)

Section 222: Homes for Service Members (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 223(a)(7): Refinancing of Existing Insured Multifamily Rental Housing (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 223(e): Housing in Declining Neighborhoods (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 223(f): Purchase or Refinance: Existing Multifamily Rental Housing (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 231: Mortgage Insurance for the Elderly Section 232: Nursing Homes, Intermediate Care Facilities, and Board and Care Homes (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 233: Experimental Housing (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 234: Condominium Housing (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 235: Interest Supplements on Home Mortgages

Section 236: Interest Supplements on Rental and Cooperative Housing Mortgages

Section 237: Mortgage Credit Assistance for Homeownership Counseling Assistance for Low- and Moderate-Income Families

Section 240: Purchase of Fee Simple Title From Lessors (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 241: Supplemental Loans for Multifamily Projects

Section 242: Nonprofit and Public Hospitals (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 245: Graduated Payment Mortgages

Section 247: Single Family Mortgage Insurance on Hawaiian Home Lands

Section 248: Single Family Mortgage Insurance on Indian Reservations

Section 249: Reinsurance Contracts

Section 251: Adjustable Rate Single Family Mortgages

[Page 812]Section 252: Shared Appreciation Mortgages for Single Family Housing

Section 253: Shared Appreciation Mortgages for Multifamily Housing

Section 255: Home Equity Conversions Mortgages (Demonstration)

Title III: Government National Mortgage Association

Title VIII:

Section 809: Armed Services Housing for Civilian Employees (Mortgage Insurance)

Section 810: Armed Services Housing in Impacted Areas (Mortgage Insurance)

Title X: Land Development (Mortgage Insurance)

Title XI: Group Practices Facilities (Mortgage Insurance)

Title I: Urban Renewal Projects

Title VII: Section 701: Comprehensive Planning Assistance

Title II: Section 202: Senior Citizen Housing (Direct Loans)

Title III: Section 312: Rehabilitation Loans

Title VIII: Part 1: Federal-State Training Programs

Title I: Rent Supplements

Title VII: Community Facilities

Section 702: Grants for Basic Water and Sewer Facilities

Section 703: Grants for Neighborhood Facilities

Title I: Model Cities

Title X: Sections 1010 and 1011: Urban Research and Technology

Title VIII: Fair Housing

Title I: Homeownership for Lower-Income Families

Title IV: New Communities

Title VIII: Government National Mortgage Association

Title XI: Urban Property Protection and Reinsurance

Title XIV: Interstate Land Sales

Title V: Research and Technology

Title VII: National Urban Policy and New Communities

Title I: Community Development Block Grants Title II: Assisted Housing

Section 8: Lower-Income Rental Assistance

Title III: Mortgage Credit Assistance

Section 306: Compensation for Substantial Defects

Section 307: Coinsurance

Section 308: Experimental Financing

[Page 813]Title VI: Mobile Home Construction and Safety Standards

Title VIII: Miscellaneous

Section 802: State Housing Finance Agency Coinsurance

Section 809: National Institute of Building Science (NIBS)

Section 810: Urban Housing

Section 811: Counseling and Technical Assistance

Title I: Emergency Homeowner's Mortgage Relief

Title I: Community Development

Title II: Housing Assistance and Related Programs

Title III: Federal Housing Administration Mortgage Insurance and Related Programs

Title IV: Landing Powers of Federal Savings and Loan Associations; Secondary Market Authorities

Title V: Rural Housing

Title VI: National Urban Policy

Title VIII: Community Reinvestment

Title IX: Miscellaneous Provisions

Title I: Community and Neighborhood Development and Conversion

Title II: Housing Assistance Program

Title III: Program Amendments and Extensions

Title IV: Congregate Services

Title V: Rural Housing

Title VI: Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation

Title VII: Neighborhood Self-Help Development

Title VIII: Livable Cities

Title IX: Miscellaneous

Title I: Community and Neighborhood Development and Conservation

Title II: Housing Assistance Programs

Title III: Program Amendments and Extensions

Title IV: Interstate Land Sales

Title V: Rural Housing

Title I: Community and Neighborhood Development and Conservation

Title II: Housing Assistance Programs

Title III: Program Amendment and Extension

Title IV: Planning Assistance

Title V: Rural Housing

Title VI: Condominium and cooperative Conversion Protection and Abuse Relief

Subtitle A: Housing and Community Development

Part 1: Community and Economic Development

Part 2: Housing Assistance Program

Part 3: Program Amendments and Extensions

Part 5: Rural Housing

Part 6: Multifamily Mortgage Foreclosure

Part 7: Effective Date

Title I: Community and Neighborhood Development and Conservation

Title II: Housing Assistance Programs

Title III: Rental Housing Rehabilitation and Production Program

Title IV: Program Amendments and Extensions

Title V: Rural Housing

Title I: Housing Assistance

Title II: Preservation of Low-Income Housing

Title III: Rural Housing

Title IV: Mortgage Insurance and Secondary Mortgage Market Programs

Title V: Community Development and Miscellaneous Programs

Title VI: Nehemiah Housing Opportunity Grants

Title VII: Enterprise Zone Development

Title IV: Housing Assistance

Subtitle A: Comprehensive Homeless Assistance Plan

Subtitle B: Emergency Shelter Grants

Subtitle C: Supportive and Housing Demonstration

Subtitle D: Supplemental Assistance for Facilities to Assist the Homeless

Section 441: Section 8 Moderate Rehabilitation of Single Room Occupancy Units for Homeless Individuals

Title V: Identification and Use of Surplus Federal Property

Title II: Assisted Housing for Indians and Alaska Natives

Section 201: Lower Income Housing on Indian Reservation

Section 202: Mutual Help Homeownership Opportunity

Title VIII: Fair Housing and Fair Housing Enforcement

Title IV: Amendments to Title IV of the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act

Title X: Housing and Community Development Technical Amendments

Title V: User Accountability

Subtitle C, Chapter 1: Regulatory and Enforcement Provisions

Subtitle C, Chapter 2: Public Housing Drug Elimination

Subtitle C, Chapter 3: Drug-Free Public Housing

Subtitle D: Drug-Free Workplace

Section 5301, Denial of Federal Benefits to Drug Traffickers and Possessors

Title I: Reforms to Department of Housing and Urban Development

Subtitle A: Ethics

Subtitle B: Management Reform

Subtitle C: Federal Housing Administration Reform

Title II: Housing Preservation

Title III: Housing Program Extensions and Changes

Title V: National Commission on Severely Distressed Public Housing

[Page 815]Title VI: National Commission on Native American, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Housing

Title VII: Miscellaneous

Title VIII: Section 8 Rent Adjustments

Title I: General Provisions and Policies Title II: Investment in Affordable Housing

Subtitle A: HOME Investment Partnerships

Subtitle B: Community Housing Partnerships

Subtitle C: Other Support for State and Local Housing Strategies

Subtitle D: Specified Model Programs

Subtitle E: Mortgage Credit Enhancements

Subtitle F: General Provisions

Title III: Homeownership

Subtitle A: National Homeownership Trust Demonstration

Subtitle B: FHA and Secondary Mortgage Market

Subtitle C: Effective Date

Title IV: Homeownership and Opportunity for People Everywhere Programs

Subtitle A: HOPE for Public and Indian Housing Homeownership

Subtitle B: HOPE for Homeownership of Multifamily Units

Subtitle C: HOPE for Homeownership of Single Family Homes

Title V: Housing Assistance

Subtitle A: Public and Indian Housing

Subtitle B: Low-Income Rental Assistance

Subtitle C: General Provisions and Other Assistance Programs

Title VI: Preservation of Affordable Rental Housing

Subtitle A: Prepayment of Mortgages Insured Under National Housing Act

Subtitle B: Other Preservation Provisions

Title VIII: Housing for Persons With Special Needs

Subtitle A: Supportive Housing for the Elderly

Subtitle B: Supportive Housing for Persons With Disabilities

Subtitle C: Supportive Housing for the Homeless

Subtitle D: Housing Opportunities for Persons With AIDS

Title IX: Community Development and Miscellaneous Programs

Subtitle A: Community and Neighborhood Development and Preservation

Subtitle B: Disaster Relief

Subtitle C: Regulatory Programs

Subtitle D: Miscellaneous Programs

Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 (Pub. L. 102-550)

Multifamily Housing Property Disposition Reform Act of 1994 (Pub. L. 103-233)

Housing Opportunity Program Extension Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-120)

Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act (Pub. L. 91-695)

Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Pub. L. 93-112)

National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974 (Pub. L. 93-383)

Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974 (Pub. L. 93-533)

Housing and Urban-Rural Recovery Act (Pub. L. 98-181)

Americans With Disabilities Act (Pub. L. 101-336)

Federal Housing Enterprises Financial Safety and Soundness Act (Pub. L. 102-550)

Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992 (Pub. L. 102-551)

Empowerment Zones – Sections 13301–13303 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 (Pub. L. 103-66)

HUD Demonstration Act of 1993 (Pub. L. 103-120)

Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-330)

[Page 816]Multifamily Assisted Housing Reform and Affordability Act of 1997 (Pub. L. 105-65) Title V

Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998 (also known as the Public Housing Reform Act) (Pub. L. 105-276) Title V

Preserving Affordable Housing for Senior Citizens and Families Into the 21st Century Act (Pub. L. 106-74) Title V

Community Renewal Tax Relief Act of 2000 (Including New Market Initiatives) (Pub. L. 106-554)

Omnibus Indian Advancement Act (Pub. L. 106-568)

American Homeownership and Economic Opportunity Act of 2000 (Pub. L. 106-569)

Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Reauthorization Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-292)

Downpayment Simplification Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-326)

American Dream Downpayment Act (Pub. L. 108-186)

Recovery Rebates and Economic Stimulus for the American People Act of 2008 (Pub. L. 110-185)

Housing and Economic Recovery Act (Pub. L. 110-289)

The Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Reauthorization Act of 2008 (Pub. L. 110-411)

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Pub. L. 111-5)

Helping Families Save Their Homes Act (Pub. L. 111-22)

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Pub. L. 111-203)

Section 202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly Act of 2010 (Pub. L. 111-372)

Frank Melville Supportive Housing Investment Act of 2010 (Pub. L. 111-374)