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Hydrography
The scientific measurement and description of the waterways on the earth's surface, including oceans, rivers, lakes, and other bodies of water. Hydrographers use the skill of charting to convey and interpret hydrographic information. Hydrographers chart the conditions of the earth's waterways, including the depth of the water, the motion of the tides and currents, the features of the coastline, and the condition of the sea floor. Hydrography was traditionally used for navigating ships and boats through waterways; however, its utility has expanded to assist with the governance of water spaces, the protection of ports and harbors, coastal engineering, and offshore development.