Summary
Overview
Key Readings
Early European sociologists found war, peace, and the effects of both on social development to be important matters for the emerging discipline to explain and understand. Curiously, these issues faded from the sociological agenda after World War I and were not again much studied by sociologists until World War II and the long Cold War that followed. Since then to the present, studies of military sociology have grown in number and scope. Military sociology is now a well-established and respected subfield within sociology.
To survey the field this collection is organized around four major themes: (1) military organization, (2) civil-military relations, (3) the experience of war, and (4) the use and control of force.
Taking the origins of military sociology as a starting point, Volume I examines ...
Editors' Introduction
The Disciplinary Background
The field of military sociology developed in response to a number of factors, beginning with the emergence of sociology as a discipline independent from its roots in social philosophy and distinguished from other social sciences, most notably from psychology and economics. Evidence of this effort is found, for instance, in the work of Herbert Spencer, which described social evolution as a movement from militant and violent to an industrial and pacific society (Battistelli, 1993). Also important were the cultivation of an applied sociology within the military during the 20th century and a changing historical context from the 20th century to the present that has radically altered the structure of the modern world system and the nature of war. From ...
Table of Contents
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Volume I
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Origins of Military Sociology
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Classical Antecedents
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1. How Pacifist Were the Founding Fathers?: War and Violence in Classical Sociology
Siniša Malešević
2010
European Journal of Social Theory
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Fabrizio Battistelli
1993
International Journal of Comparative Sociology
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Academic Specialization
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3. Consequences of Social Science Research on the U.S. Military
Morris Janowitz
1982
Armed Forces & Society
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4. Morris Janowitz and the Origins of Sociological Research on Armed Forces and Society
James Burk
1993
Armed Forces & Society
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Bernard Boëne
2000
Military Sociology: The Richness of a Discipline
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World War Two as a Pivot Point
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6. How These Volumes Came to Be Produced
Samuel Stouffer
1949
The American Soldier
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7. Field Observations and Surveys in Combat Zones
Robin Williams
1984
Social Psychology Quarterly
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8. The American Soldier and Its Critics: What Survives the Attack on Positivism?
M. Smith
1984
Social Psychology Quarterly
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9. Cohesion and Disintegration in the Wehrmacht in World War II
Edward Shils | Morris Janowitz
1948
Public Opinion Quarterly
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George Homans
1946
American Sociological Review
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The Cold War
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11. Buddy Relations and Combat Performance
Roger Little
1964
The New Military: Changing Patterns of Organization
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12. Racial Integration in the Armed Forces
Charles Moskos
1966
American Journal of Sociology
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13. Cohesion and Disintegration in the American Army: An Alternative Perspective
Paul Savage | Richard Gabriel
1976
Armed Forces & Society
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14. An Alternative Perspective to Savage and Gabriel
John Faris
1977
Armed Forces & Society
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Volume II
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Military Organization
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Trends in Military Organization
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Decline of the Mass Armed Force
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15. The Decline of the Mass Army
Morris Janowitz
1972
Military Review, the Professional Journal of the US Army
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16. The Decline of the Mass Army in the West: General Reflections
Jacques van Doorn
1975
Armed Forces & Society
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I/O Thesis
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17. From Institution to Occupation: Trends in Military Organization
Charles Moskos
1977
Armed Forces & Society
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18. Measuring the Institutional/Occupational Change Thesis
David Segal
1986
Armed Forces & Society
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The Postmodern Military
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19. Toward a Postmodern Military: The United States as a Paradigm
Charles Moskos
2000
The Postmodern Military: Armed Forces after the Cold War
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20. Are Post-Cold War Militaries Postmodern?
Bradford Booth | Meyer Kestnbaum | David Segal
2001
Armed Forces & Society
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Alternate Sources of Personnel: Reserves and Civilians
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21. The Naval Reservist: An Empirical Assessment of Ephemeral Role Enactment
Louis Zurcher
1977
Social Forces
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22. The U.S. Navy's Maiden Voyage: Effects of Integrating Sailors and Civilian Mariners on Deployment
Ryan Kelty
2008
Armed Forces & Society
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Recruitment
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23. Who Chooses Military Service? Correlates of Propensity and Enlistment in the U.S. Armed Forces
Jerald Bachman | David Segal | Peter Freedman-Doan | Patrick O'Malley
2000
Military Psychology
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24. College, Jobs, or the Military? Enlistment during a Time of War
Meredith Kleykamp
2006
Social Science Quarterly
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Social Composition
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25. Hispanic and African American Men and Women in the U.S. Military: Trends in Representation
Mady Segal | Meridith Thanner | David Segal
2007
Race, Gender & Class
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26. Women's Military Roles Cross-Nationally: Past, Present, and Future
Mady Wechsler
1995
Segal Gender & Society
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27. Don't Ask, Don't Tell: Is the Gay Ban Based on Military Necessity?
Aaron Belkin
2003
Parameters
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The Military Profession
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28. Studies in the Genesis of the Naval Profession
Norbert Elias
1950
The British Journal of Sociology
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Morris Janowitz
1960
The Professional Soldier: A Social and Political Portrait
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30. Power, Expertise and the Military Profession
Samuel Huntington
1963
Daedalus
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31. The Late Profession of Arms: Ambiguous Goals and Deteriorating Means in Britain
Philip Abrams
1965
Archives Européennes de Sociologie/European Journal of Sociology.
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32. Explaining the Construction of Professionalism in the Military: History, Concepts and Theories
Julia Evetts
2003
Revue Française de Sociologie
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Volume III
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Civil Military Relations
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Civilian Control
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33. Power, Professionalism, and Ideology: Civil-Military Relations in Theory
Samuel Huntington
1957
The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations
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34. Military Professionalism and Civil Control: A Comparative Analysis of Two Interpretations
Arthur Larson
1974
Journal of Political and Military Sociology
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35. Crisis as Shirking: An Agency Theory Explanation of the Souring of American Civil-Military Relations
Peter Feaver
1998
Armed Forces & Society
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Military Families
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36. The Military and the Family as Greedy Institutions
Mady Wechsler
1986
Segal Armed Forces & Society
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37. Family Formation among Women in the U.S. Military: Evidence from the NLSY
Jennifer Lundquist | Herbert Smith
2005
Journal of Marriage and Family
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38. When Race Makes No Difference: Marriage and the Military
Jennifer Lundquist
2004
Social Forces
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39. Military Families and Children during Operation Iraqi Freedom
Stephen Cozza | Ryo Chun | James Polo
2005
Psychiatric Quarterly
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Public Support for the Military
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40. What Costs Will Democracies Bear? A Review of Popular Theories of Casualty Aversion
Hugh Smith
2005
Armed Forces & Society
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41. Public Support for Peacekeeping in Lebanon and Somalia: Assessing the Casualties Hypothesis
James Burk
1999
Political Science Quarterly.
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42. Success Matters: Casualty Sensitivity and the War in Iraq
Christopher Gelpi | Peter Feaver | Jason Reifler
2005
International Security
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Militarization of Society
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43. The Idea and Nature of Militarism
Alfred Vagts
1959
Introduction to A History of Militarism
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44. A Nation-in-Arms: State, Nation, and Militarism in Israel's First Years
Uri Ben-Eliezer
1995
Comparative Studies in Society and History
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Michael Mann
2003
Incoherent Empire
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46. Major Armed Conflicts, Militarization, and Life Chances: A Pooled Time-series Analysis
Steve Carlton-Ford
2010
Armed Forces & Society
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Experience of War
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How Military Service Affects Veterans
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47. A School for the Nation? How Military Service Does Not Build Nations, and How It Might
Ronald Krebs
2004
International Security
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48. Combat Experience and Emotional Health: Impairment and Resilience in Later Life
Glen Elder | Elizabeth Clipp
1989
Journal of Personality
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49. Racial Differences in the Impact of Military Service on the Socioeconomic Status of Women Veterans
Richard Cooney | Mady Segal | David Segal | William Falk
2003
Armed Forces & Society
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50. Twentieth-century Theories on Combat Motivation and Breakdown
Simon Wessely
2006
Journal of Contemporary History
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Talking about War
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51. The Rhetoric of American Foreign Policy
Philip Wander
1997
Cold War Rhetoric: Strategy, Metaphor and Ideology
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Hal Brands
2005
Rhetoric & Public Affairs
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53. Rhetorical Persuasion and Storytelling in the Military
Giuseppe Caforio
2009
Armed Forces, Soldiers and Civil-Military Relations
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Volume IV
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Experience of War
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Remembering War
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54. War Poetry, Romanticism, and the Return of the Sacred
Jay Winter
1995
Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning, The Great War in European Cultural History
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55. Women, Citizenship, and Civic Sacrifice: Engendering Patriotism in the First World War
Kimberly Jensen
1996
Bonds of Affection
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56. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial: Commemorating a Difficult Past
Robin Wagner-Pacifici | Barry Schwartz
1991
American Journal of Sociology
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Yinan He
2007
History & Memory
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The Use and Control of Force
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The Use of Force
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58. The Logic of War
Morris Janowitz
1960
The Professional Soldier: A Social Portrait
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59. Strategic Assumptions and Moral Implications of the Constabulary Force
James Burk
2005
Journal of Military Ethics
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60. Theories of the New Western Way of War
Martin Shaw
2005
The New Western Way of War
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61. What Are Armed Forces For? The Changing Nature of Military Roles in Europe
Timothy Edmunds
2006
International Affairs
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War and State Formation in Historical Perspective
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62. How War Made States, and Vice Versa
Charles Tilly
1992
Capital, Coercion, and European States: AD 990–1992
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Brian Gifford
2006
American Journal of Sociology
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Gregory Hooks | Brian McQueen
2010
American Sociological Review
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Chronic Wars and Social Transformation
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Harold Lasswell
1941
The American Journal of Sociology
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C. Mills
1956
The Power Elite
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67. Why Didn't the United States Become a Garrison State?
Aaron Friedberg
1992
International Security
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Peacekeeping
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68. UN Peacekeepers: The Constabulary Ethic and Military Professionalism
Charles Moskos
1975
Armed Forces & Society
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69. Is a Peacekeeping Culture Emerging among American Infantry in the Sinai MFO?
David Segal
2001
Journal of Contemporary Ethnography
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70. Misplaced Loyalties: The Role of Military Culture in the Breakdown of Discipline in Peace Operations
Donna Winslow
1998
The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology
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71. Military Culture and Strategic Peacekeeping
Christopher Dandeker | James Gow
1999
Small Wars & Insurgencies
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