Summary
Contents
Subject index
Acclaimed by researchers, students, and general readers, this informative, lively, and easy-to-use volume fills the public need for information about key recent and historical cases before the U.S. Supreme Court. Now significantly updated, this new edition includes all the new major cases-over twenty five in total-handed down by the Court since the first edition was published in 2000. The new entries include many high-profile cases that have stirred public controversy, including: Boy Scouts of America v. Dale (2000), granting the right to exclude homosexuals from leadership positions in the Boy Scouts; Bush v. Gore (2000), ceasing ballot recounts in the 2000 presidential election; PGA Tour v. Martin (2001), obliging the PGA to accommodate a disabled golfer; Lawrence v. Texas (2003), stating that a law criminalizing same-sex sodomy violates due process; Gratz/Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), stating that an affirmative action program to achieve diversity in universities may or may not violate the equal protection clause, depending on how it's implemented. In each of the over 100 cases summarized, author Tony Mauro succinctly describes the decision, provides background and facts of the case, the vote and highlights of the decision with verbatim excerpts, and, in conclusion, discusses the long-term impact of the decision on United States citizens and U.S. society. Topic search aids let readers easily trace the evolution and impact of rulings in particular issue areas. Added features also enhance the volume, including many new portraits, political cartoons, and drawings, a comprehensive bibliography and an easy-to-access case/subject index. A perfect starting point for research on Supreme Court decisions, this newly updated volume is an essential addition to every public, high school, and college library.
Lochner v. New York
Lochner v. New York
Decided April 17, 1905
198 U.S. 45
http://laws.findlaw.com/US/198/45.html
Decision
A New York law limiting the number of hours a bakery worker can be required to work interferes with the Fourteenth Amendment right of businesses and employees to enter into contracts to buy and sell labor. The justices declared that baking is not an unhealthy trade and that the law limiting hours cannot be justified as a legitimate exercise of police powers to protect health and safety.
Background
In many large cities at the turn of the twentieth century, the business of baking bread had little to do with home and hearth. It was a grimy, gritty business conducted mainly in the cellars of tenement buildings because the cramped apartments usually were too small to have ...
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